Pancreas

Question 1

Exocrine tissue of pancreas

Answer 1

secrets digestive enzymes into ducts to help digestion of carbs (amylase), fats (lipase), protein (trypsin) and neutralize acid in the duodenum

Question 2

endocrine tissue of pancreas

Answer 2

Endocrine cells are termed alpha, beta, and delta. They produce the three hormones:

glucagon (alpha) and insulin (beta) :
Regulate the level of glucose in the blood.
somatostatin (delta):
Prevents the release of the other two hormones.

What is the primary malfunction of the endocrine portion of the pancreas? Diabetes beta cells insulin

Question 3

S&S Acute Pancreatitis

Answer 3

abdominal pain in LUQ or gastric area radiating to the back 
abdominal distention and tenderness 
N/V
low grade fever
dyspnea
tachycardia
shock w/hypovolemia, hypotension, hypoxia
ecchymoses on flanks  color change
bluish discoloration periumbilical

Question 4

S&S Chronic pancreatitis

Answer 4

Abdominal pain and swelling
Anorexia
Weight loss
Malaise
Jaundice

Question 5

diagnosis pacnreatisis

Answer 5

Serum Lipase-elevated 3 to 5 times normal
Serum Amylase-elevated 2 to 3 times normal
+ glucose – blood & urine b/c trouble with insulin
Calcium levels elevated
Stool appear fatty (steatorrhea)
Abdominal CT- scan enlarged pancreas
Abdominal X-ray
Endoscopic ultrasound

Question 6

treatment pancratitis

Answer 6

IV to replace electrolytes & fluid volume, TPN give bowel a rest
blood transfusion
NPO, NG tube to suction
MEDICATIONS: demarol
analgesics such as meperidine (Demerol) -no morphine as it will worsen symptoms due to spasm of sphincter of Oddi (muscle fibers around common bile duct and pancreatic duct)
antacids, histamine antagonists, antibiotics, anticholinergics, insulin, antiemetics

SURGERY: Laparotomy easier recovery