PANCE_EENT 7% Flashcards
(RR)
symptomatic relief for viral pharyngitis
IBUPROFEN po
NSAIDs provide most symptomatic relief
(CME)
entropion
inward turning of eyelid (usually lower)
(CME)
ectropion
outward turning of lower lid
common in elderly
(CME)
what is anterior blepharitis? How do you treat it?
common chronic bilat inflammation of lid margins, commonly scales on lashes
tx: remove w/ baby shampoo, add antistaph abx eye ointment
(CME)
what is posterior blepharitis? How do you treat it?
inflammation of eyelids 2/2 dysfxn of meibomian glands, strongly assoc’d w/ acne rosacea
tx: low dose systemic abx (doxy, macrolide) and short term topical steroids
(CME)
differences b/w hordeolum and chalazion
hordeolum hurts!
hordeolum is bac infection of oil gland in eyelid (can be upper or lower)
chalazion is nontender
chalazion is granulomatous inflammation of meibomian gland (can be upper or lower)
(CME)
similarities in tx of hordeolum and chalazion
both can be treated with
warm compresses
abx (hordeolum topical, chalazion po)
(CME)
MC eye disease
conjunctivitis
viral or bac
(CME)
Presentation and tx differences b/w viral and bac conjunctivitis
viral: bilateral, copious water, preauricular adenopathy, treated w/ cool compress
bac: purulent drainage (yellow), treated with abx gtts (polymyxin B/ trimethoprim)
(CME)
why is gonococcal conjunctivitis an ophthalmologic emergency?
because of possible corneal perforation
(RR)
how do you recognize subconjunctival hemorrhage?
painless reddened eye w/o visual changes, and bleeding does not cross the limbus
(pt sneezed or coughed a small capillary rupture)
(RR)
three symptoms or PE exam findings common to glaucoma (open-angle glaucoma, which is 90% of all cases)
GRADUAL LOSS OF PERIPHERAL VISION
ENLARGED CUP-TO-DISK RATIO
DIMINISHED VISUAL FIELDS
(RR)
top two leading causes of blindness in US
1 - diabetic retinopathy
2 - open-angle glaucoma
(RR)
top three causes of otitis media in children
Strep pneumo, 15 - 25% of cases
2nd - Haemophilus influenzae
3rd - Moraxella catarrhalis, 15% of cases
(RR)
what imaging is done for suspected orbital cellulitis, even for children
CT scan of the orbit and sinuses
what is chemosis?
swelling of the conjunctiva that looks like a big blister, so big you can’t close your eyelid (visioncenter.org)
(RR)
“Which CN is involved if a pt is having difficulty moving her eye laterally?”
CN VI
(abducens)
(RR)
tx of orbital cellulitis
ophthalmology eval
broad spectrum abx
(RR)
“A previously healthy 55-year-old woman presents to your office with a complaint of vertigo that occurs with positional changes of her head. [What] structure is most likely to be involved?”
“POSTERIOR SEMICIRCULAR CANAL”
(RR)
What do you do for a pt w/ suspected malignant otitis externa?
CT scan of head w/ IV contrast
(CME)
RF for malignant external otitis
diabetics
immunocompromised pts
(CME)
Pathogenic etiology of malignant otitis externa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
therefore, Tx = prolonged antipseudomonal abx (IV), +/- surgical debridement
(RR)
management of necrotizing (malignant) otitis externa
ciprofloxacin monotherapy
or
ciprofloxacin + antipseudomonal beta-lactam
(RR)
“Which CN is MC involved in malignant otitis externa?”
CN VII