PANCE prep high yield Flashcards
Labs will show high K, high Ca, low Glc, high BUN in a kid who is feeling fatigued
Addison’s disease
Kid with purpura on legs following URI
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome- expect hematuria
Most likely cause of interstitial nephritis
NSAIDs
How to treat acute gouty attack in pt with kidney disease
Prednisone (cant give indomethacin or Colchicine)
olive-shaped mass in the belly of a baby- dx
pyloric stenosis
Pt with HTN and cirrhosis on lisinopril and cyclosporine presents with hematuria- which drug caused it?
cyclosporine
normal EKG with an early QRS, what’s the arrhythmia?
Premature Atrial Complex
EKG with no p waves, or inverted p waves, what’s the arrythmia?
Junctional Rhythm
EKG with p to qrs interval longer than ? suggests 1st degree heart block?
5 small boxes (1 big)
EKG with pronounced R and ST depressions in V1, V2
Posterior wall MI
EKG with large ventricular complexes and irregular rhythm. Rate will be >100
Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response (rate)
60F recent loss of relative has crazy EKG and echo showing “apical hyperinflation”…diagnosis?
Takashubo (stress) cardiomyopathy
Pt with hypertension and pulseless lower extremity?
coarctation of the aorta
What murmur would you expect to find in coarctation of the aorta?
None
Kid presents with hypertension and no hair on the lower extremity?
coarctation of the aorta
IVDU with endocarditis, what’s the bug?
S. Aureus
pain in limb. On exam it becomes pulseless on adduction, what’s the dx?
thoracic outlet syndrome
Pt presents with tearing chest pain and hypotension, what study should you get?
CXR will work. Thoracic and abdominal CT would be better. Abdominal imaging WILL NOT SEE it.
Gangly marfan’s pt, what’s the ocular sequela?
lens subluxation
Genetic counseling for parents when Dad has Ehler’s-Danlos- likelihood of having a child with it?
50%. It’s an autosomal dominant disorder.
Blowing diastolic murmur is likely…
aortic regurgitation. The only other thing it could be is pulmonary regurge (which is rare and caused by pulm HTN). Mitral stenosis is diastolic but has an opening “snap”
Systolic murmur, low frequency, with mid-systolic click. What’s the murmur, what makes it louder?
Mitral valve prolapse. Louder with valsalva. Click alone is diagnostic.
Lady with “string of pearls” on pelvic xray, what are the complications she is at risk for?
hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, VTE, coronary artery disease
AIDS patient with pneumonia with bilateral perihilar opacities, interstitial promeinence, and hyperlucent cystic lesions (or bilateral, diffuse “granular opacities”) . What’s the treatment?
TMP-SMX for Pneumocystis Jerovecci
Red cervix with mucopurulent dyscharge, dx?
chlamydia
1 week old infant with pneumonia, what’s the etiology?
chlamydia trachomatis
Pt cannot laterally deviate eye (eye is fixed medial), what’s the cranial nerve?
CN 4 (trochlear) (remember LR4 SO6)
Etiology of bullous myringitis?
Mycoplasma
Pt with liquid but not solid dysphagia, tx
Schatzki ring- bougey (balloon) dilation
Tx of achalasia
bougey (balloon) dilation
EKG finding in hypothermia
“Osborne wave”
Most important question in new onset heart failure?
Do you drink etOH?
How to treat bortadella pertussis?
Macrolides (arithro, clarithro)
EKG with biphasic r-waves in V1 or V2? What other pattern will in have?
Right bundle branch block. Also expect an RSR (not QRS) appearance of qrs in lead V1- suggests (V1, v2 are right chest leads)
Note LBBB will have biphasic QRS (less rabbit-ears like) in V5 or V6 (left chest leads)
Fracture of proximal 1/3 of ulna from forced pronation or direct blow over posterior ulna.
Monteggia fracture
Hallux valgus
Great toe pointed in from high heels (hammer toe)
Fracture of distal third of radius with dislocation of radial-lunar joint. From injury to dorsilateral wrist or fall.
Geleazzi fracture
Tx for a big gallstone?
Immediate surgery referral.
Tx for tremors
EtOH- benzos,
Essential- Beta blockers
Kid given amoxicillin for URI and gets a rash all over face trunk, what did he have?
EBV- infectious mononucleosis
Ligament in gamekeepers thumb?
Ulnar collateral ligament
SCFE pathology, complication, presentation
physial fracture of femoral head. Leg presents abducted/externally rotated.
Common complication is avascular necrosis if it is not repaired.
Blood in anterior chamber of eye- name
hyphema
What problems does niacin deficiency cause, and in which organ systems?
Wet beriber- Confusion, muscle atrophy, edema, tachycardia, cardiomegaly, CHF, peripheral neuropathy
Dry beriberi- Neuropathy, encephalopathy, wasting
Drug of choice for OCD
Sertraline
