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PANCE buzz words > PANCE buzz words > Flashcards

PANCE buzz words Flashcards

1
Q

“bag of worms” in scrotum

A

varicocele

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2
Q

“bamboo appearance” on x-ray of spine

A

ankylosing spondylitis

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3
Q

“beefy red tongue”

A

pronounced anemia

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4
Q

“bird beak” deformity on x-ray

A

achalasia or sigmoid volvulus

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5
Q

“blood and thunder” retina

A

CR vein occlusion

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6
Q

“boggy uterus”

A

adenomyosis

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7
Q

“bulls eye” skin lesion

skin manifestation & cause

A

erythema migrans from lyme dz

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8
Q

“cherry red spot” (red fovea) on fundoscopy

A

CRAO

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9
Q

“coin shaped” or “discoid” plaques with vesicles and papules

A

nummular eczema

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10
Q

“corkscrew” esophagus on barium swallow

A

esophageal spasm

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11
Q

“crescent sign” of hip x-ray

A

avascular necrosis of hip

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12
Q

“cup and saucer” appearance of proximal phalanx on x-ray

A

psoriatic arthritis

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13
Q

“dew drops on a rose petal”

A

chicken pox

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14
Q

“diamond-shaped murmur” (crescendo-decrescendo) on precordial chest

A

aortic stenosis

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15
Q

“egg on a string” (narrow mediastinum)

A

TOGA

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16
Q

“eggshell” pattern from calcified LNs on CXR

A

silicosis

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17
Q

“figure 3 sign” on CXR

A

coarctation of aorta

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18
Q

“floppy baby syndrome”

A

botulism

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19
Q

“fungus ball” on CXR

A

aspergillus fumigatus PNA

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20
Q

“honey” golden crusts on face

A

impetigo (strep pyoderma)

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21
Q

“hot potato voice”

A

peritonsillar abscess

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22
Q

“machine-like” murmur

A

PDA

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23
Q

“moon facies and buffalo hump”

A

Cushings

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24
Q

“onion skin” appearance on x-ray

A

Ewings sarcoma

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25
Q

“palpable olive”

A

pyloric stenosis

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26
Q

“parrot beaked” esophagus (dilated esophagus taper to the distal obstruction) on barium swallow

A

achalasia

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27
Q

“pea soup” diarrhea

A

typhoid (aka enteric) fever

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28
Q

“pill rolling” tremor

A

Parkinsons

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29
Q

“pizza pie” (neovascularization with proliferation) on fund

A

CMV

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30
Q

“raccoon eyes”

A

orbital fx

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31
Q

“rice water” diarrhea (gray, turbid, without odor, blood, pus)

A

cholera

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32
Q

“ring of fire” on US

A

ectopic pregnancy

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33
Q

“rope-like” on CBE

A

fibrocystic breasts

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34
Q

“sack of grapes” or “grape-like vesicles” on TVU

A

complete hydatidiform mole

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35
Q

“sandpaper” rash (like sunburn with goosebumps

A

Scarlet fever

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36
Q

“satellite lesions” on buttocks

A

diaper dermatitis with candida

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37
Q

“sentinel loop” or “colon cut off sx” of gas pattern on KUB

A

pancreatitis

sentinel loop = dilation of a segment of small intestine
colon cutoff sign = dilation of a segment of large bowel
indicates localized ileus

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38
Q

“shaggy” mucosa on barium swallow

A

candida

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39
Q

“slapped cheek” syndrome

A

parvo B19/ fifth’s dz/ erythema infectiosum

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40
Q

“snowstorm” on TVU with elevated BHcg

A

Hydatidiform mole

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41
Q

“strawberry tongue”

A

scarlet fever & kawasaki

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42
Q

“strawberry” cervix

A

trichomonas

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43
Q

“string of pearls” on ovarian US

A

PCOS

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44
Q

“string sign”/ sign of kantor (stricture or stenosis) on barium enema

A

crohn’s disease

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45
Q

“stuck on” waxy lesion

A

SK

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46
Q

“sunburst” on bone x-ray

A

osteosarcoma

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47
Q

“tea and toast diet”

A

folate deficiency

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48
Q

“thumbprinting” of bowel

A

ischemia

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49
Q

“whirlpool” of intraluminal worms on KUB

A

ascariasis (ascariasis lumbricoides)

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50
Q

(+) heterophile antibodies (monospot)

A

mononucleosis

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51
Q

(+) scotch tape test

A

pinworms

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52
Q

(+) widal agglutination test

A

typhoid fever

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53
Q

5 Ps (purpule, planar, polygonal, pruritic, papule)

A

lichen planus

immune system mistakenly attacks cells of the skin or mucous membranes

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54
Q

aaron sx (mcburney’s point palpation causes stomach or chest pain)

A

appendicitis

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55
Q

absence of “scottie-dog” sign on spinal film

A

spondylolysis

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56
Q

absent or decreased femoral pulses with a murmur

A

coarctation of the aorta (patho)

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57
Q

amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles

A

alzheimer’s

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58
Q

anatomical snuffbox pain/ tenderness

A

scaphoid fx

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59
Q

anterior pat pad sign

A

hemarthrosis in radial head fx

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60
Q

anti-glomerular basement membrane abs with hematuria and hemoptysis

A

good-pasteur’s syndrome (path)

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61
Q

apple-core lesion on barium enema

A

colon CA

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62
Q

auer rods on peripheral smear (needle-like inclusions in eosinophils)

A

AML (less likely ALL)

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63
Q

auspitz sign (pin point bleed on peeling of scab)

A

psoriasis

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64
Q

“water bottle” appearance of cardiac silhouette

A

pericardial effusion

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65
Q

“string sign” (long narrow pyloric lumen)

A

pyloric stenosis

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66
Q

azure (blue) lunulae on nails

A

wilson’s disease

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67
Q

barking cough like a seal

A

croup

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68
Q

battle sx

A

basilar skull fx

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69
Q

bell-clapper deformity

A

abnormal attachment of testis in the scrotum (RF for torsion)

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70
Q

bence jones proteins in urine

A

multiple myeloma

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71
Q

bile stained eggs and proglottids in stool exam

A

fish tapeworm

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72
Q

bilious vomiting and abdominal distention in a newborn

A

duodenal atresia

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73
Q

bite cells (loss of heinz body) on peripheral smear

A

G6PD deficiency - anemia, jaundice, hemolysis, may confer selective advantage from malaria
(x-linked recessive)

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74
Q

blast crisis

A

CML

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75
Q

boot shaped heart

A

RVH from tet of fallot

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76
Q

bouchard’s nodes (PIP nodes)

A

OA

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77
Q

boutinniere deformity (extended DIP, flexed PIP)

A

RA

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78
Q

brushfield spots (on the iris)

A

downs syndrome

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79
Q

bubbly lytic lesion on x-ray (“ground glass”)

A

fibrous dysplasia

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80
Q

cafe au lait spots and rubbery skin nodules

A

neurofibromatosis

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81
Q

chadwick sign (blue cervix)

A

pregnancy

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82
Q

chandelier sign on pelvic/ speculum exam (cervical motion tenderness) (2)

A

PID, ectopic pregnancy

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83
Q

fever, RUQ pain, jaundice

A

charcot’s triad = ascending cholangitis

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84
Q

chvostek’s sign (twitch facial nerve on tap)

A

hypocalcemia

often due to hypoparathyroidism

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85
Q

clue cells on wet prep and positive whiff test (amine odor)

A

BV (gardnerella vaginalis)

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86
Q

cobblestone-pattern filling defects with segmental areas of involvement (skip lesions) on barium enema or CT

A

crohn’s disease

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87
Q

cobblestoning on colonoscopy

A

crohn’s disease

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88
Q

codman’s sign (peri-osteal elevation that forms an angle with the bone cortex)

A

osteosarcoma

Codman triangle is a radiologic sign seen most commonly on musculoskeletal plain films. It is the name given to a periosteal reaction that occurs when bone lesions grow so aggressively they lift the periosteum off the bone and do not allow the periosteum to lay down new bone

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89
Q

coral red fluorescence with wood’s lamp

A

erythrasma

superficial infection of the skin, macerated, scaly plaques between the toes or erythematous to brown patches or thin plaques in intertriginous areas

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90
Q

CSF oligoclonal bands

A

MS

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91
Q

cullen and grey-turner sxs

A

acute/ necrotizing pancreatitis (also in ectopic)
(cullen = periumbilical)
(grey-turner = flank)

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92
Q

currant jelly sputum

A

klebsiella pneuno PNA

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93
Q

currant jelly stools

A

intussusception

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94
Q

curschmann spirals (mucus casts in small airways)

A

asthma

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95
Q

CXR honeycombing

A

pulmonary fibrosis or bronchiectasis

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96
Q

CXR visceral pleural line or “deep sulcus sign” on supine

A

PTX

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97
Q

dance sign (no BS in RLQ)

A

intussesception

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98
Q

delta waves on EKG

A

WPW syndrome

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99
Q

diffuse vacuolar changes of grey matter with reactive astrocytosis on cortical bx

A

creutzfeldt-jakob dz

degenerative brain disorder that leads to dementia and death

100
Q

dimple sx on anterior medial surface of the knee

A

posterolateral knee dislocation

101
Q

dinner fork derformity

A

colle’s fx

102
Q

distal radial fx with dorsal angulation

A

colle’s fx

103
Q

distal radial fx with volar angulation

A

smith’s fx

104
Q

distended neck veins, decreased BP, muffled heart sounds

A

Beck’s triad = cardiac tamponade

105
Q

double bubble sign on abd x-ray

A

duodenal atresia in an infant

106
Q

drusen spots (hard yellow-white deposits in the macula under pigment epithelium)

A

macular degeneration (nonexudative)

107
Q

S1Q3 inverted T3 on EKG

A

cor pulmonale from PE

108
Q

electrical alternans on EKG

A

cardiac effusion (patho)

109
Q

encapsulated organisms on india ink

A

cryptococcus neoformans

110
Q

eruptive and tendinous xanthomas

A

hyperlipidemia (patho)

111
Q

erythema marginatum (“bathing suit distribution”)

A

rheumatic fever

112
Q

flagellated, curved, oxidase (+) gram (_) rods in stool

A

c jejuni

113
Q

fruity breath

A

DKA

114
Q

fund with cotton wool spots, hemorrhages, microaneurysms, hard exudates, venous dilation

A

nonproliferative DM retinopathy (early)

115
Q

fund with ateriolar constriction, flame hemorrhages, cotton wool spots, hard exudates

A

HTN retinopathy

116
Q

fund with cotton wool spots, hemorrhages, microanerysms, hard exudates, neovascularization

A

proliferative DM retinopathy (late)

117
Q

fx of 5th MC neck

A

boxer’s fx

118
Q

gottron’s sx (scaly, papule rash on dorsal hands)

A

dermatomyositis

119
Q

gram (-) intracellular diplococci

A

n gonorrhea

120
Q

gram (+), encapsulated, box-shaped rods in chains

A

cutaneous anthrax

121
Q

hairlike cytoplasmic projections on lymphocytes

A

hairy cell leukemia

122
Q

hanging teardrop sign (herniation of orbital fat into maxillary sinus)

A

orbital fx

123
Q

hazy/ steamy cornea with a fixed, dilated pupil

A

angle-closure glaucoma

124
Q

heavy, painful vaginal bleeding in the 2nd or 3rd trimester

A

placenta abruption

125
Q

heavy, painless vaginal bleeding in the 2nd or 3rd trimester

A

placenta previa

126
Q

heinz bodies on peripheral smear

A

G6PD def or thalassemia

127
Q

heliotrope rash (eyelid erythema)

A

dermatomyositis (or SLE)

128
Q

hemorrhagic necrosis of temporal lobes on CT

A

herpetic encephalitis

129
Q

herald patch then “christmas tree” appearing rash

A

pityriasis rosea

130
Q

herberden’s nodes (DIP nodes)

A

OA

131
Q

honey-combing with calcified parietal pleural plaques

A

asbestosis

132
Q

hot tub folliculitis

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

133
Q

hyaline casts

A

ARF (or normal in athletes)

134
Q

hyperplastic prickle cells with excess keratin

A

HPV skin warts

135
Q

hyphae and buds on KOH prep

A

vaginal candidiasis

136
Q

inability to pass NGT in an infant

A

choanal atresia

137
Q

intracytoplasmic inclusions (“owls eyes”) on tissue biopsy

A

CMV

138
Q

intravenous inclusions/ pick bodies

A

pick dz

139
Q

kayser-flescher rings (green-yellow to brown rings between iris and cornea)

A

wilson’s disease

140
Q

kerley b lines

A

CHF

or pulmonary fibrosis or carcinomatosis

141
Q

koebner’s phenomenon (maculopapular rash elicited by scratching that appears in the evening)

A

juvenile RA

142
Q

KOH hyphae and spores (“spaghetti and meatballs”)

A

tinea versicolor

143
Q

koilocytotic squamous cells or vacuolated squamous epithelial cells in clumps on pap

A

HPV cervical warts

144
Q

koplik spots- grains of sand on an erythematous base (blue-white mucosal lesions)

A

measles/ rubeola (patho)

145
Q

large, deep linear ulcers on barium swallow

A

CMV

146
Q

lead pipe deformity (loss of normal haustral markings) on barium enema

A

UC

147
Q

lesions that have white lines (wickham’s striae)

A

lichen planus

148
Q

lhermitte sign (electrical feeling down the back with neck flexion)

A

MS

149
Q

low morning cortisol with elevated ACTH

A

addison’s disease

150
Q

low plasma renin with increased 24 hr urine aldosterone

A

hyperaldosteronism

151
Q

lower BP in arms vs legs

A

coarctation of aorta

152
Q

noncaseating granulomas on lung bx

A

sarcoidosis

153
Q

macro-ovalcytes and hypersegmented PMNs

A

folate def anemia (patho)

154
Q

mid-systolic click

A

MVP

155
Q

milkman lines or looser zones (pseudofractures)

A

osteomalacia

156
Q

monoclonal spike on serum electrophoresis (M-protein)

A

multiple myeloma

157
Q

more than 125 mg/dl urine cortisol in 24 hrs

A

cushings

158
Q

multinucleated giant cells on tzanck smear

A

HSV

159
Q

multiple ring-enhancing lesions on brain CT or MRI in HIV pt

A

toxoplasmosis

160
Q

multiple, small, volcanic-shaped ulcers on barium swallow

A

herpes

161
Q

murmur with wide pulse pressure

A

aortic insufficiency

162
Q

negative birefringent needle-shaped crystals (parallel and yellow)

A

gout

163
Q

negri bodies on brain tissue

A

rabies

164
Q

nikolsky’s sign (manual pressure separates epidermis from dermis)

A

pemphigus vulgaris or TEN

165
Q

oncholysis with oil spots

A

psoriasis (patho)

166
Q

open bomb-bay door sign (bone fragments in the sinus)

A

orbital fx

167
Q

opening snap murmur

A

mitral stenosis

168
Q

osborn wave aka J wave (upward deflection of S wave)

A

hypothermia (patho)

169
Q

osler nodes (painful finger/ toe/ feet lesions), janeway lesions (painless palm and sole lesions), roth spots (exudative retinal lesions/ hemorrhages)

A

infective endocarditis

170
Q

palpable, non-tender gallbladder (courvoisier’s sign)

A

pancreatic CA

171
Q

pancytopenia with circulating blasts

A

acute leukemia

172
Q

parenchymal bullae or subplural blebs

A

emphysema (patho)

173
Q

pear-shaped trophozoites with 2 nuclei and 4 flagella

A

giardia

174
Q

pedunculated bone mass capped in cartilage

A

osteochondroma

175
Q

pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia)

A

niacin def

176
Q

pericardial friction rub

A

pericarditis

177
Q

perihilar infiltrates (“butterfly pattern”)

A

PCP PNA

178
Q

peripheral wedge-shaped consolidation/ shadow on pleural surface (hampton hump)

A

PE

179
Q

petechial rash with meningeal sxs

A

n meningitidis

180
Q

phalen’s sign (wrist flexion for 1 min causes pain)

A

carpal tunnel

181
Q

pharyngeal gray pseudomembranes and bullneck

A

diptheria

182
Q

pica

A

iron def

183
Q

positive birefringent rhomboid-shaped crystals (perpendicular and blue)

A

pseudogout

184
Q

positive finkelstein (pain with fist ulnar deviation)

A

DeQuervain’s

185
Q

posterior fat pad sign

A

radial head fx

186
Q

prehn sign (pain relieved with elevation of scrotum)

A

epididymitis

187
Q

presence of a paratesticular nodule at the superior aspect of the testicle, with its characteristic blue-dot appearance (blue-dot sign)

A

testicular appendix torsion (patho)

188
Q

prominent epicanthal folds, sandal toe, and simian creases

A

down syndrome

189
Q

RBC casts

A

glomerulonephritis

190
Q

reed-sternberg cells on LN bx

A

hodgkin’s lymphoma

large pale nuclei/ lymphocyte

191
Q

renal tubular epithelial cell casts (“muddy brown casts”)

A

ATN

192
Q

rodent ulcer

A

BCC

193
Q

rose spots after initial infection sxs

A

typhoid fever (and other salmonella infections)

194
Q

rouleau formation on peripheral smear

A

multiple myeloma

195
Q

rovsing sx (LLQ palpation produces RLQ pain)

A

appendicitis

196
Q

rust colored sputum

A

strep pneumo PNA

197
Q

s-shaped burrows on skin

A

scabies

198
Q

sausage digits

A

reiter’s

199
Q

sausage-like mass on abd exam

A

intussusception

200
Q

schaumann’s bodies and asteroid bodies

A

sarcoidosis

201
Q

shoulder sx (bulge of pyloric m into antrum)

A

pyloric stenosis

202
Q

signet ring (thick bronchial walls) on CXR

A

bronchiectasis

203
Q

silver, copper wiring and AV nicking on fund

A

HTN retinopathy

204
Q

a single or hypoechoic ring with a hyperechoic center (target, donut sign) on US

A

intussusception

205
Q

smudge cells on peripheral smear

A

CLL

206
Q

spontaneous hemarthrosis

A

hemophilia

207
Q

sprain of ulnar collateral ligament of thumb

A

gamekeeper’s thumb

208
Q

steeple sx on x-ray

A

croup

209
Q

subcutaneous nodules on extensor surfaces

A

RA (patho)

210
Q

swan neck deformity (flexed DIP, extended PIP, flexed MCP)

A

RA

211
Q

synovial proliferation with pannus formation

A

RA

212
Q

tearing CP radiating to the back in a very tall male with long, slender hands/ fingers

A

marfan syndrome/ aortic dissection

213
Q

terry’s nails (white nail bed)

A

liver disease/ cirrhosis

214
Q

thumb sx on x-ray

A

epiglottitis

215
Q

tinel’s sign (percussion of volar wrist causes tingling)

A

carpal tunnel

216
Q

triple layered sputum

A

bronchiectasis

217
Q

trousseau’s sign (carpal tunnel spasm with BP cuff for 3 min)

A

hypocalcemia
(often due to hypoparathyroid)
(also a/w malignancy, venous thrombosis, hypercoaguability)

218
Q

umbilicated papules

A

molluscum contagiosum

219
Q

unilateral ptosis, anhidrosis, miosis

A

horner’s syndrome

220
Q

vesicular rash at different stages

A

varicella

221
Q

virchow’s nodes (L supraclavicular LAD)

A

mets from GI tumor

also H. pylori, lung CA, breast CA

222
Q

WBC casts

A

pyelo (or nephritis)

223
Q

westmark sign (regional area of decreased pulmonary vascularity on CXR)

A

PE

224
Q

yellow CSF from hemolysis (xanthochromia)

A

subarachnoid bleed

225
Q

intranuclear opthalmoplegia

A

multiple sclerosis

226
Q

progressive chorea and signs of dementia

A

huntington’s

227
Q

generalized muscle weakness and fatiguability

A

myasthenia gravis

228
Q

symmetric sensory loss

A

diabetic neuropathy

229
Q

peaked T waves

A

hyperkalemia

230
Q

short QT interval

A

hypercalcemia

231
Q

flat T wave

A

hypokalemia

232
Q

prolonged QT interval

A

hypocalcemia

233
Q

delta wave

A

WPW

234
Q

diastolic decrescendo blowing

A

aortic regurg

235
Q

continuous machine like

A

PDA

236
Q

crescendo decrescendo, 2nd ICS, radiates to carotids

A

aortic stenosis

237
Q

holosystolic murmur

A

mitral regurg

238
Q

mid-diastolic rumble

A

mitral stenosis

239
Q

mid systolic click, radiates to axilla

A

MVP

240
Q

sister mary joseph nodes

A

umbilical nodes a/w gastric adenocarcinoma/ CA, colon CA, pancreatic CA

241
Q

philadelphia chromosome

A

CML

translocation of chromosome 9 and 22, brc-abl fusion gene

242
Q

pulsus parvus (small) et tardus (slow)

A

pulse is slow rising and weak, delay between 1st heart sound on auscultation and carotid pulse, a/w AS

243
Q

tet spells

A

a/w ToF

  • sudden marked increase in cyanosis followed by syncope, kids often squat to increase SVR and temporarily decrease shunt
  • MC cyanotic heart disease, blue baby syndrome, PROVe
244
Q

denny morgan lines and allergic shiners

A

allergic rhinitis

245
Q

asterixis

A

increased ammonia levels a/w hepatic encephalopathy

246
Q

ptosis, anhidrosis, miosis

A

horners syndrome

PANCE buzz words (1 decks)

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