PALS General

Question 1

SAMPLE

Answer 1

Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past medial history
Last meal (oral intake)
Events leading up to

Question 2

Which meds are ok for the ET tube?

Answer 2

Lidocaine
Epinephrine
Atropine
Nalaxone

Question 3

SVT heart rate in children and infants

Answer 3

Children: > or = 180

Infants > or = 220

Question 4

Blood glucose

Answer 4

1 month old > or = 45

older tan one month > or = 60

Question 5

What should the oxygen or air be set to with neb administration?

Answer 5

5-6 L/min

Question 6

How is Epinphrine given with asthma?

Answer 6

Sub-Q 0.01 mg/kg

Question 7

Epinephrine dose IV?

Answer 7

0.01 mg/kg IV (0.1 ml of 0.1 mg/ml)

Question 8

Goal SvO2 in Shock

Answer 8

greater or equal to 70%

Question 9

What causes pinpoint pupils?

Answer 9

Narcotics

Question 10

What causes dilated pupils?

Answer 10

Sympathetic autonomic activity
Sympathomemetic ingestion (ex. cocaine)
Anticholinergic ingestion (atropine)
Increased intracranial pressure

Question 11

Normal Urine Output?

Answer 11

Younger children & Infants 1.5-2 ml/kg/hr
Older children 1 ml/kg/hr
Adults 0.5 ml/kg/hr

Question 12

What does TICLS stand for?

Answer 12

Tone
Interactiveness
Consolability
Look/gaze
Speech/cry

Question 13

What is the formula for estimating uncured ET tube size?

Answer 13

mm i.d. = (age in years/4) + 4

Question 14

What is the formula for cuffed endotracheal tube size?

Answer 14

mm i.d. = (age in years/4) + 3.5

Question 15

What are the reversible/contributing factors that start with H?

Answer 15

Hypovolemia
Hypoxia
Hydrogen ion
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypoglycemia 
Hypothermia

Question 16

What are the reversible/contributing factors that start with T?

Answer 16

Tension pneumo
Tamponade, cardiac
Toxins
Thrombosis, Pulmonary
Thrombosis, Cardiac
Trauma

Question 17

Estimated Maintenance Fluid Requirements for an Infant < 10 kg?

Answer 17

4 ml/kg/hr

Question 18

Estimated maintenance fluid requirement for child 10-20 kg?

Answer 18

40 ml/hr + 2 ml/g/hr for each kg above 10kg

Question 19

Estimated maintenance fluid requirement for child greater than 20 kg?

Answer 19

60 ml/hr + 1 ml/kg/hr for each kg above 20 kg

Question 20

Goal SpO2

Answer 20

94-99%

Question 21

How much isotonic crystalloid do you bolus with for shock?

Answer 21

20 ml/kg IV or IO

10 ml/kg IV or IO if poor cardiac function suspected

Question 22

Doses for synchronized cardio version?

Answer 22

0.5-1 J/kg

If not effective, increase to 2 J/kg

Question 23

In the arrest algorithm, what drug(s) are given after the shock after trying epinephrine with VF or pVT?

Answer 23

Amiodarone IV/IO 5 mg/kg (may repeat up to 2 times)
Lidocaine IV/IO 1 mg/kg loading + 20-50 mag/kg per minute. May repeat bolus if infusion started more than 15 minutes initial bolus therapy.

Question 24

What is the rate for rescue breathing?

Answer 24

one breath every 3-5 seconds (equaling 12 - 20 breaths/min)

Question 25

(Therapeutic Hypothermia) For infants and children remaining comatose after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, what body temperature goals are reasonable during the 1st 5 days?

Answer 25

normothermia 36 - 37.5 degrees Celsius for 5 days or

2 days of hypothermia (32-34 degrees celsius) followed by 3 days of normothermia