Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ACP 250 Special Pops > PALS > Flashcards

PALS Flashcards

1
Q

In hospital chain of survival

A

Early recognition/prevention
Activation of emergency response
High quality CPR
Advanced resuscitation
Post-arrest care
Recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Out of hospital chain of care

A

Prevention
Activation of emergency response
High quality CPR
Advanced resuscitation
Post arrest care
Recovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When to start CPR

A

Pulseless
HR less than 60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CPR compression to ventilation ratio

A

30:2 (1 rescuer)
15:2 (2 rescuer)
Asynchronous (advanced airway)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Maximum amount of time between compressions

A

10 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chest compression fraction goal

A

80%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Team leader role

A

Organization
Monitor performance
Back up team members
Models team behaviour
Trains and coaches
Facilitates understanding
Focus on pt care
Designates a temp if required.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CPR coach roles

A

Coordinate start of CPR
Coach quality of compressions
State mid-range targets
Coach to mid-range targets
Help minimize compression pauses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Members of a 6 person high performance team

A

Compressor
CPR coach/defibrillator
Airway
Team lead
IV/IO medications
Timer/recorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pediatric Assessment Triangle

A

Appearance
Work of breathing
Circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rescue breathing rates for infants and children

A

1 breath every 2-3 seconds (20-30/min)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

TICLS mnemonic for pediatric appearance

A

Tone
Interactivity
Consolability
Look/gaze
Speech/cry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Primary assessment

A

Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Normal RR by age

A

Infant: 30-53
Toddler: 22-37
Preschooler: 20-28
School age: 18-25
Adolescent: 12-20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Apnea classifications

A

20 seconds or longer
Central or obstructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Location of retractions for mild to moderate respiratory distress

A

Subcostal
Substernal
Intercostal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Location of retractions for severe respiratory distress

A

Supraclavicular
Suprasternal
Sternal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Signs of inadequate respiratory effort

A

Apnea
Weak cry or cough
Bradypnea
Agonal gasps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Adequate SPO2 for children

A

94%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Signs of probable respiratory failure

A

Very rapid or inadequate RR
Absent resp effort
Absent distal air movement
Extreme tachycardia
Bradycardia
Low SPO2 despite high flow O2
DLOC
Cyanosis
Seesaw breathing
Head bobbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Normal Urine output targets

A

Infant and young child: 1.5-2mL/kg/hr
Older children/adolescents: 1mL/kg/hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Awake normal HR by age

A

Neonate: 100-205
Infant: 100-180
Toddler: 98-140
Preschool: 80-120
School age: 75-118
Adolescent: 60-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Asleep normal HR by age

A

Neonate: 90-160
Infant: 90-160
Toddler: 80-120
Preschool: 65-100
School age: 58-90
Adolescent: 50-90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Hypotension SBP by age

A

Term neonate: <60
Infant (1-12mo): <70
Child (1-10yo): <70 + age x 2
Child >10yo: <90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Severity of head injury based on GCS
Mild: 13-15 Moderate: 9-12 Severe: 3-8
26
H’s and T’s for reversible cause of cardiac arrest
Hypovolemia Hypoxia Hydrogen ions Hypoglycemia Hypo/hyper K Hypothermia Tension pneumo Tamponade Toxins Thrombosis (PE or coronary)
27
Chest compression depth for children (1 year to puberty)
1/3 AP diameter or 5cm (2 inch)
28
Chest compression depth in infants (less than 1 year)
1/3 AP chest diameter approx 4cm (1 1/2 inch)
29
Shock energy for defibrillation
First dose: 2J/kg Second dose: 4J/kg Subsequent: >4J/kg to max 10J/kg or adult dose
30
Epinephrine dose (arrest)
Administer early. 0.01mg/kg IV/IO to max 1mg every 3-5mins 0.1mg/kg of 1mg/mL endotracheal
31
Amiodarone dose for refractory VF/pVT
5mg/kg bolus repeated up to 3 times
32
Lidocaine dose for refractory VF/pVT
1mg/kg loading dose
33
Magnesium for torsades dose
25 to 50mg/kg to max 2g
34
VF/pVT arrest sequence
CPR Rhythm check Shock CPR Rhythm check Shock CPR (give vasopressor) Rhythm check Shock CPR (consider antiarrhythmic)
35
Cardiac arrest sequence PEA or asystole
CPR Rhythm check CPR (give Epi, ID factors) Rhythm check CPR
36
Early signs of tissue hypoxia
Tachypnea Increased resp effort (nasal flaring, retractions) Tachycardia Pallor, mottling, cyanosis Agitation, anxiety, irritability
37
Late signs of tissue hypoxia
Bradypnea, apnea, inadequate effort Increased resp effort (bobbing, seesaw, grunting) Bradycardia Pallor, mottling, cyanosis DLOC
38
Mechanisms of hypoxemia
Low atmospheric PO2 Alveolar hypoventilation Diffusion defect V/Q mismatch R-to-L shunt
39
Croup interventions
Mild: consider dex Moderate to severe: Humidified O2, Epi Neb, dex Resp failure: high flow O2, dex, PPV, ETT or surgical airway
40
Mild asthma
Walking, can lie down Talks in sentences May be agitated RR increased Usually no accessory muscles Often end expiratory wheeze HR <100 Absent pulsus paradoxus PaCO2 <45
41
Moderate asthma
Talking in phrases, prefers to sit Usually agitated Increased RR Usually accessory muscles use Loud wheezes HR100-120 Pulsus pararoxus may be present PaCO2 >65 or <45
42
Severe asthma
Breathless at rest, speaks in words Usually agitated RR often >30 Usually accessory muscle use Usually loud wheeze HR >120 Pulsus paradoxus often present PaCO2 <60 or >45
43
Asthma management
Salbutamol and atrovent Corticosteroid Mag sulfate IM epi
44
Clinical parameters of oxygenation and ventilation
Chest rise with each breath SPO2 EtCO2 HR BP Distal air entry Appearance, colour, agitation
45
Target for BVM manometer during breaths
Less than 30cmH2O PiP
46
Nasal cannula flow rates and O2 concentration
0.25 - 4LPM 22-60% FiO2
47
Simple face mask flow rates and oxygen delivery
6-10 LPM 35-60% FiO2 Minimum of 6LPM required
48
NRB flow rates and oxygen delivery
10-15LPM 95% FiO2
49
Nebulizer flow rates
5-6LPM
50
Equipment checklist for intubation
Universal precautions (PPE) Monitor, SpO2, BP EtCO2 IV/IO equipment O2 Suction OPA/NPA ETT and stylets Laryngoscope 3, 5, and 10mL syringe Adhesive cloth/tape/tube holder Towel or pad Special equipment (e.g. SGA and cric)
51
3 factors affecting stroke volume
Preload Contractility Afterload
52
Lab values to evaluate shock and guide therapy
CBC Glucose Potassium Calcium Lactate ABG ScvO2
53
Vasoactive therapy in treating shock
Inotropes PDE inhibitors (inodilators) Vasodilators Vasopressors
54
Guide for fluid delivery in shock
Hypovolemic/distributive: 20mL/kg over 5-20 mins (5-10min if severe) Cardiogenic: 5-10mL/kg over 10-20min Poisoning: 5-10mL/kg over 10-20min Septic: 10-20mL/kg over 5-20min DKA: 10-20mL/kg over 1-2hrs
55
Complications of rapid blood administration
Hypothermia Myocardial dysfunction Ionized hypocalcemia
56
Administration of blood products
10mL/kg PRBC (if refractory to 2-3x 20mL/kg bolus fluid) Order of preference: Cross matched Type specific Type O- (female) or O +\- (male)
57
Hypoglycemia by age
Neonate: 2.6 Infant/child/adolescent: 3.3
58
Characteristics of SVT
Abrupt S/S of CHF (infant) or palpitations (child) HR>220 (infant) or >180 (child) Minimal monitor variability P waves absent/abnormal/inverted
59
Atropine dose for bradycardia
0.02mg/kg min dose 0.1mg max dose 0.5mg. May repeat once
60
Ice to face vagal manoeuvre for infants/children
Apply a small plastic bag with ice and water to the upper half of the child’s face for 15-20 seconds.
61
Cardioversion for unstable SVT or VT with a pulse
First dose: 0.5J/kg Second dose: 1J/kg Subsequent: 2J/kg
62
Estimating maintenance fluid requirements
<10kg: 4mL/kg/hr 10-20kg: 40mL/hr + 2mL/kg/hr for each kg between 10-20 kg. >20kg: weight in kg + 40mL/hr

ACP 250 Special Pops (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions