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PALS > PALS > Flashcards

PALS Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Airway Obstruction common cause

A

FACES (foreign body, anaphylaxis, croup, epiglottis, swelling)

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2
Q

Key sign of Upper Airway Obstruction

A

stridor

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3
Q

Stridor characteristic

A

Inspiratory wheeze

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4
Q

Treatment for croup

A

Racemic Epi (nebulized epi), dexamethasone Q4

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5
Q

Lower Airway Obstruction common causes

A

Asthma or bronchiolitis

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6
Q

Key sign of Lower Airway Obstruction

A

prolonged expiratory phase

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7
Q

Treatment for asthma

A

O2, albuterol/xoponex, steroids (prednisolone), remove trigger

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8
Q

Treatment for bronchiolitis

A

Suction!! Deep suction not necessary

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9
Q

Lung tissue disease common causes

A

pneumonia or pulmonary edema

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10
Q

S/S of lung tissue disease

A

increased WOB, hypoxia, crackles

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11
Q

Treatment for lung tissue disease

A

O2, suction, culture, antibiotic

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12
Q

Common causes of disordered control of breathing

A

Ineffective ventilation or oxygenation often related to neurological or pharmacological factors

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13
Q

What is the antidote for benzos?

A

Flumazenil

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14
Q

When would flumazenil not be given?

A

Status epilepticus

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15
Q

Hypovolemic shock can be

A

hemorrhagic vs non-hemorrhagic

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16
Q

Hypovolemic shock treatment

A

get IV/IO access, give isotonic fluids, start pressors

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17
Q

For hypovolemic shock, what should you do after each bolus?

A

Reassess

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18
Q

Why would you start pressors in hypovolemic shock?

A

Protect kidneys

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19
Q

Distributive shock types

A

Neurogenic, sepsis, anaphylaxis

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20
Q

First line for anaphylaxis

A

Epi

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21
Q

Treatment for distributive shock

A

IV/IO access, give isotonic fluids (20mL/kg), cultures/labs, treat fever, antibiotics

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22
Q

Despite boluses, what will you need to stablize in distributive sahock

A

Pressors

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23
Q

If recently taken Tylenol, what can be an alternative?

A

Torodol

24
Q

3 types of obstructive shock

A

Tamponade, thrombus, tension pneumothorax

25
Q

Tamponade characteristics

A

Muffled or diminished heart sounds

26
Q

Emergency tamponade treatment

A

Pericardiocentesis if impending or actual pulseless arrest

26
Q

Tamponade treatment

A

Fluid administration to augment CO2 and perfusion until pericardial drainage can occur

27
Q

Thrombus treatment

A

anticoagulants

28
Q

Tension pneumothorax treatment

A

immediate needle decompression

29
Q

Where should needle decompression take place?

A

2nd ICS and midclavicular line

30
Q

What can you use to support all methods of obstructive shock?

A

O2, ventillary assistance, fluid therapy (if poor perfusion)

31
Q

What can you do with a patient in shock with a history or cardiac or renal issues?

A

fluid bolus at 10mL/kg

32
Q

Cardiogenic characteristics

A

Primary pump failure

33
Q

What does cardiogenic usually appear as?

A

Respiratory

34
Q

Treatment for cardiogenic shock

A

isotonic fluid bolus and REASSESS

35
Q

Key sign of cardiogenic shock

A

Patient condition worsens with boluses

36
Q

What should you do when you identify cardiogenic shock?

A

Consult cardiology

37
Q

SVT

A

abrupt increase in HR that does not vary with activity

38
Q

SVT BPM

A

> 220

39
Q

SVT treatment

A

ice to face, adenosine, cardiovert

40
Q

Key to giving adenosine

A

Quickly w/ stop cock d/t short half life

41
Q

SVT cardiovert dosing

A

0.5-1j/kg, w/ max of 2j/kg

42
Q

Sinus bradycardia treatment

A

stim, oxygenate, ventilate, start CPR

43
Q

What can you consider if brady is consistent?

A

Atropine

44
Q

EPI dosing and timing

A

0.01 mg/kg Q3-5 min

45
Q

How often should you change compressors?

A

Every 2 minutes

46
Q

What is PEA?

A

Pulseless Electrical Activity

47
Q

Treatment for Asystole/PEA

A

CPR, BMV, epi

48
Q

Order of treatment for rhythms

A

Shock, shock, epi, shock, amiodarone

49
Q

V-tach

A

100-250bpm, regular rhythm, and wide QRS

50
Q

V-fib

A

HR too rapid, irregular rhythm, varying QRS

51
Q

Vtach/Vfib treatment

A

CPR, defib

52
Q

Vtach/Vfib shock dosing

A

1st: 2-4 j/kg, 2nd: 4j/kg, 3rd: 4j/kg + (max of 10j/kg)

53
Q

Primary assessment

A

ABC (airway, breathing, circulation)

54
Q

Secondary Assessment

A

SAMPLE (symptoms, allergies, medications, PMH, last oral intake, events)

55
Q

H’s

A

Hypovolemia, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, hypo/hyperkalemia, acidosis

56
Q

T’s

A

Tension pneumothorax, tamponade, toxins, thrombosis,

PALS (1 decks)

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