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Palpation > Palpation 3 > Flashcards

Palpation 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the posterior triangle of the neck made up of? (3 things)

A

Clavicle, SCM and traps

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2
Q

T/F

TVPs are palpable deep to the multifidus.

A

False. Deep to erector spinae muscles.

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3
Q

T/F

TVPs of thoracic vertebrae are shorter and do not extend as far laterally as the TVPs of the lumbar vertebrae.

A

True

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4
Q

The vertebral column consists of ___ vertebrae?

a) 20
b) 22
c) 24
d) 26

A

C) 24

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5
Q

The ______ vertebrae are most mobile and accessible.

a) cervical
b) thoracic
c) lumbar

A

A) cervical

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6
Q

The 12 thoracic vertebrae articulate with …..

A

12 pairs of ribs.

Designed for minimal movement and to stabilize the thoracic area and protect internal organs.

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7
Q

Which set of vertebrae support the weight of the upper body?

a) cervical
b) thoracic
c) lumbar

A

Lumbar

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8
Q

When palpating the spine, what are the two types of protrusions that can be found?

A

Spinous processes and transverse processes

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9
Q

T/F

Costal cartilage is identical in shape and size to the ribs and serves as a bridge between them and the sternum.

A

True

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10
Q

Which ribs are considered “true” ribs?

a) 1-6
b) 1-7
c) 1-8
d) 1-10

A

b) 1-7

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11
Q

How do ribs 8-12 attach to the sternum?

A

Indirectly by means of costal cartilage.

11-12 are floating and do not attach to the sternum or costal cartilage.

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12
Q

Name the specific spinous process that intersects with these bony landmarks:

  1. The base of neck
  2. superior angle of scapula
  3. inferior angle of scapula
  4. 12th rib
  5. top of iliac crest
A 
C7
T2
T7
T12
L4
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13
Q

Name the 4 natural curves of the spine.

A

Cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sacral kyphosis

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14
Q

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is called…

A

scoliosis

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15
Q

T/F

At birth, the spine has a kyphotic curvature and a lordotic curvature.

A

False - at birth, the spine has a single kyphotic curvature.

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16
Q

When does cervical lordosis develop in an infant?

a) At 3 months of age
b) When they begin to crawl
c) when they can hold their head erect
d) when they begin to walk

A

c) when they can hold their head erect

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17
Q

When does the lumbar lordosis vertebrae develop?

A

When a child begins to stand and walk

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18
Q

Nape line locates the landmarks of the _____ vertebrae.

A

Cervical

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19
Q

When weight is placed on vertebral discs, what assists in compressing and distributing pressure?

A

when weight is placed on vertebral discs, the annulus fibrosis supports the nucleus pulposus in compressing and distributing pressure. The nucleus is mostly water.

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20
Q

Explain the rationale behind being taller in the morning than at night.

A

When you sleep, the pressure is off the spine and the vertebral discs are able to fully restore themselves – which is why in the morning you are half an inch taller than the night before.

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21
Q

What are the most posterior projections on the spine?

A

Spinous processes

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22
Q

T/F

The spinous processes of the lumbar spine are slightly smaller than thoracic or cerival.

A

False - SP of lumbar are much larger than T or C

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23
Q

T/F
Because of the lordotic curve in the cervical spine and the overlying ligamentum nuchae, the C-spine processes are deeper than thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.

A

True

24
Q

Which vertebrae does not have a spinous process?

A

C1 - atlas

25
Q

T/F

When the neck is flexed, C7 shifts superiorly while T1 is buckled in by the fist ribs and does not move.

A

True

26
Q

T/F

C3-C6 protrude posteriorly to approximately the same extent. C2 is larger and more distinct.

A

True

27
Q

T/F
The TVPs of the lumbar vertebrae are also deep to the erector spinae. Extending an inch or two laterally, their solid presence can be felt beneath the overlying muscle tissue.

A

True

28
Q

Because of its superficial nature, the lamina groove is easy to access directly.

A

False
Because of this overlying tissue, the lamina groove is difficult to access directly but its borders (SP and TVP) are palpable.

29
Q

What landmark is between the sternal heads of the clavicles?

A

Jugular notch

30
Q

The manubrium articulates with what 3 structures?

A

clavicles, first rib and second rib

31
Q

The junction between the manubrium and the body of sternum is called ______

A

Sternal angle / angle of louis

32
Q

T/F

The xiphoid process is approx. 1 inch in length or completely absent.

A

True

33
Q

T/F

The manubrium, sternal body and xiphoid process are covered by fasciae and several layers of muscle.

A

False.

Manubrium and the body and xiphoid process are superficial, covered only by fasciae and pec major tendon.

34
Q

What attaches the ribs to the sternum?

A

Costal cartilage

35
Q

T/F

The ribs all run at the same angle around the trunk of the body.

A

False

The ribs run at varying angles around the trunk of the body.

36
Q

T/F

The space between the ribs are filled with thick intercostal muscles that make it difficult to palpate.

A

False.

Space between the ribs are filled with thin intercostal muscles that can be easily palpated.

37
Q

The jugular notch is considered a beginning point for investigating other areas. How would you locate it?

A

Midline from chin, down the front of the neck.

38
Q

If you are on the jugular notch and move slightly left or right, what will be the “bump” you feel?

A

The SC joint.

39
Q

What is the only horizontal long bone in the body?

A

Clavicle

40
Q

Which rib is hidden under the clavicle?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3

A

a) 1

41
Q

The intersection between the sternum and the manubrium is called the ______. This structure helps find the second rib.

A

Angle of Louis

42
Q

1) Jugular notch
2) Angle of louis
3. Xiphoid process
4. Inferior angle scapula
5. Superior angle scapula

a) T7-8
b) T4 SP
c) lines up with SP of T2 roughly
d) body of T10
e) T2

A 
1 - c
2 - b
3 - d
4 - a
5 - e
43
Q

Tilting your head changes rib 1 because of what muscles that attach there?

A

anterior and middle scalene

44
Q

T/F

Transition zones are best located when a patient is standing

A

False.

Best located when pt is seated or prone.

45
Q

To locate the 10th rib, what would you use as a guide to help locate it?

A

The costal arch. Go to the lowest part of the rib-cage.

46
Q

If you follow the angle of the 10th rib and come across a prominence, what would you be feeling?

A

Prominence of rib 11

47
Q

What would be the best position to have the patient in to find ribs 11/12?

A

side-laying or prone

48
Q

What bony prominence would you use to find the L5/S1 transitional zone?

A

PSIS

49
Q

What happens to the SPs during flexion?

A

They separate. When we extend, they approximate.

50
Q

T/F

Ribs are an extension of TVPs.

A

True

51
Q
A
52
Q

You cannot palpate a rib head. You are actually palpating the….

A

TVP / rib angle relationship

53
Q

Where is the lamina groove located?

A

Between SP and TVP

54
Q

To access the first rib, you must palpate through which muscles?

A

Scalenes

55
Q

What 2 structures pass between the first rib and the clavicle?

A

Brachial plexus and subclavian artery.

Palpation (3 decks)

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