Pain study guide definitions Flashcards
*Allodynia
Perception of an ordinarily non-noxious stimulus as pain
-Something that causes pain that wouldn’t normally cause pain!
*Anesthesia
ABSENCE OF ALL PAIN SENSATION
*Chronic Pain
Pain that persists beyond the usual course of an acute disease or after a reasonable time for healing to occur (healing period varies 1 – 6 months). May be nociceptive, neuropathic, or mixed. May be caused by a combination of peripheral, central, & psychological mechanisms.
Analgesia
ABSENCE OF PAIN PERCEPTION
First order neurons
Synapse on second-order neurons in the dorsal horn primarily within Laminas I, II, and V where they release excitatory amino acids and neuropeptides.
A-delta and C fibers are examples (in the periphery)
Hyperalgesia
INCREASED RESPONSE TO NOXIOUS STIMULATION
**Neuralgia
Pain in the distribution of a nerve or a group of nerves -
Sciatic, neuropathy, diabetes, chicken pox (shingles in adults)
*Nociceptive Pain
Caused by activation or sensitization of peripheral nociceptors (specialized receptors that transduce noxious stimuli)
*Radiculopathy
Functional abnormality of one or more nerve roots
Second order neurons
most abundant in lamina V
Superficial somatic pain
due to nociceptive input arising from skin,subcutaneous tissues and mucous membranes. Well localized and described as a sharp, pricking, throbbing or burning sensation
Deep somatic pain
arises from muscles, tendons, joints or bones. Dull aching quality and is less well localized
Transduction
The event whereby noxious thermal, chemical, or mechanical stimuli are converted into action potential.
Visceral Pain
Pain due to a disease process or abnormal function involving an internal organ or its covering (example: parietal pleura, pericardium or peritoneum) (it’s a dull pain that is usually diffuse that is along midline)
Has 4 subtypes:
- True localized visceral pain
- Localized parietal pain
* *3. Referred visceral pain - Referred parietal pain
