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Pharm 2 > Pain Slides > Flashcards

Pain Slides Flashcards

1
Q

What are Analgesic

A

These are drugs of any class that control pain such as opiate, non-opiate, and an opiate miscellaneous drugs 

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2
Q

Medication‘s that relieves pain without causing consciousness is known as what classification of drug

A

Analgesics

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3
Q

What are narcotic Agonists

A

Bind opium receptors at the central nervous system
They are controlled substances and has a potential for physical dependence
They have a Rison problem for addiction
They call sedation and analgesia and euphoria

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4
Q

What are mild narcotic agonist

A

Codeine and hydrocodone 

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5
Q

What are strong narcotic agonist? 

A

Morphine, Hydromorphine, Oxycodone, methadone, meperidine and fentanyl

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6
Q

What are narcotic agonist actions

A

Bind to opioid receptor site at the CNS
Create analgesia, sedation and euphoria ( feeling of wellbeing)

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7
Q

What are indications(what are they meant for) For narcotic agonist

A

To relief acute or chronic pain
Provide analgesia during anesthesia

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8
Q

What are farmer Pharmacokinetics of narcotic agonist

A

IV is the most reliable way to achieve therapeutic response
IM and sub -q rate of absorption varies between sexes
Hepatic metabolism and generally excreted in the urine and bile

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9
Q

Where are narcotic agonist generally excreted?

A

In the Urine and Bile

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10
Q

What are the contraindications for narcotic agonist? 

A

Pregnancy, labor, lactose
Diarrhea caused by poison

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11
Q

What are the cautions for narcotic agonist?

A

Someone GI and GU surgery
Respiratory dysfunction (someone with cus it can cause it)
Acute abdomen or ulcerative colitis

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12
Q

What are the adverse effects of narcotic agonist

A

Respiratory depression with apnea, cardiac arrest, shock, orthostatic hypotension, nausea, vomiting, constipation, biliary spasm, dizziness, hallucinations, anxiety and fears 

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13
Q

What are the drug interactions with narcotic agonist

A

Barbiturate general anesthetics, phenothiazines and MAOIs

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14
Q

What are narcotic antagonist

A

Reverse the adverse effect of narcotic agonist. 
A diagnosis suspected acute narcotic overdose

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15
Q

What are the actions for narcotic antagonist drugs? 

A

They bind to opiate receptors but they do not activate the receptors
Reverse effect of opioids

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16
Q

What are the indications of narcotic antagonist(what do they do)

A

Where is the effect of narcotics and treats narcotic and or alcohol dependence

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17
Q

What narcotic treat alcohol dependence

A

Narcotic antagonist

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18
Q

What are the adverse effect of narcotic antagonist? 

A

TBD
Tachycardia
Blood pressure changes
Dysrhythmias 

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19
Q

What should you check before administering opiate analgesic drugs

A

Patient pain intensity using preferred pain scale
FACES
SCALE 1-10
When did patient last received the drug

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20
Q

How do you carefully check dosages is for opioid analgesic drugs

A

Follow the Proper administration guidelines for I am injections including site rotation
 follow the proper guidelines for IV administration including dilution (push back method) and rate of administration

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21
Q

What are some nursing implications for opioid analgesics?

A

Oral forms should be taken with food to minimize gastric gastric upset
Ensure safety measures, such as keeping side rails up
Withhold dose and contact Physican if there is a decline in PT condition or if vital signs are abnormal, esp if respiratory is less than 12 breathe per minute

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22
Q

——— is a common adverse effect of opioid analgesic and as a nurse, you can prevent it by ——- and ——-

A

Constipation is a common adverse effect and may be prevented with adequate fluid and fiber intake

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23
Q

As a nurse what do you want to instruct the patient to do one taken opioid analgesic 

A

Instruct them to follow direction for administration carefully and to keep record of the airplane experience in response to treatment
Instruct them to change position slowly to prevent possible orthostatic hypotension

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24
Q

When should you contact the physician for opioid analgesic 

A

Contact physician immediately if vital signs change, patient condition declines, all pain continues and if they are in respiratory depression 

25
Q

How do you know that a person take an opioid analgesic Isn’t a respiratory depression

A

Respiratory rate of 10 breath for a minute, dyspena, Diminished breath sounds are shallow breathing

26
Q

As a nurse if someone is take an opiate analgesics, what should you monitor for? 

A

Respiratory depression withdraws addiction and dependence’s 

27
Q

What are some questions the nurse can ask a patient taking opioid analgesic

A

If they have any known allergies or asthma

28
Q

As a nurse if you are given a patient of opioid analgesic, what should you be EXTREMELY CAUTIOUS OF
REMPP

A

Respiratory insufficiency, elevated intracranial pressure(brain injury that causes growing pressure inside your skull), morbid obesity or sleep apnea, paralytic ileus (bowel is impaired) and pregnancy 

29
Q

What therapeutic effects did Ennis monitor when given someone opioid analgesic 

A

Decrease complaint of pain, decrease severity of pain, increased period of comfort, improved activities of daily living appetite and sense of well-being, decreased fever 

30
Q

Is decreased fever (acteaminophen) a sign of opioid analgesic?

A

Yes

31
Q

Urinary retention, diaphoresis(sweating) and flushing, pupil constrictions (miosis), constipation and itching are all signs of? 

A

Opioid analgesics adverse effects

32
Q

What are opioid analgesic interactions? What can’t you have it with 

A

Alcohol, antihistamine, benzodiazepine, barbiturates, monomine oxidase inhibitors

33
Q

True or false
For opioid analgesics, best pain relief occur when drugs are taken on a regular schedule rather than PRN 

A

True

34
Q

Should you just stop opioid analgesics drugs?

A

No you can reduce the dose, but you have to maintain the schedule if pain is lessened

35
Q

Can you drive or operate heavy machinery when taking opioid analgesics?

A

No

36
Q

What are non-narcotic analgesics? What is a drug name for it

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and also salicylic drugs
Pain killers that you can’t get addicted to or is very hard for you to get addicted to
It inhibits/switch of the prostaglandins

37
Q

What do prostaglandins do?

A

Vasodilation (opens up) the bloodstream to allow white blood cells to go to the infected area

38
Q

What happens when prostaglandins turns of?

A

It causes pain, fever and inflammation

39
Q

What do we use to treat mild to moderate pain?

A

Nonopioid drugs

40
Q

What do we use to treat moderate to severe pain?

A

Opioids

41
Q

Non opioid like ASA tells cox 1&2 to stop realizing prostaglandin. True or false

A

True

42
Q

What does analgesic, antipyretic and anti inflammatory means?

A

Analgesic (Stops pain)
Antipyretics (stops fever)
Anti inflammatory (stops inflammation)

43
Q

What is the action of Acetaminophen 
(Non-narcotic analgesics)

A

Acts directly on the thermoregulator cells of the hypothalamus

44
Q

What drug Acts directly on the thermoregulator cells of the hypothalamus

A

Acetaminophen

45
Q

What are some actions of acetaminophen

A

Act directly on the thermoregulator cells of the hypothalamus, used to treat pain and fever

46
Q

What drug is used to treat pain and fever associated with a variety of condition including influenza

A

Acetaminophen 

47
Q

How does Acetaminophen helps children

A

Ads as an action to prevent disease (prophylaxis) Of children receiving DPT immunization 

48
Q

What kind of musculoskeletal pain does acetaminophen relief

A

Musculoskeletal pain associated with arthritis

49
Q

Where is acetaminophen absorbed? 

A

GI tract

50
Q

What is the peak level for acetaminophen

A

1/2 to 2 hours

51
Q

Where is acetaminophen metabolized

A

In the liver

52
Q

Where is acetaminophen excreted

A

Urine

53
Q

What are the contraindications with acetaminophen 

A

Known allergies, caution in pregnancy and lactation, chronic alcoholism and hepatic dysfunction(liver failure) 

54
Q

Known allergies, caution in pregnancy and lactation, chronic alcoholism and hepatic dysfunction(liver failure) are all contraindications for what drug?

A

Acetaminophen

55
Q

What are the adverse effect with acetaminophen

A

Renal dysfunction, skin rash, fever, hemolytic anemia, headache

56
Q

Chronic use an overdose of acetaminophen results in what

A

Hepatotoxicity (liver damage )

57
Q

What is anticoagulant 

A

Blood thinners

58
Q

What are the drug to drug interactions with acetaminophen

A

Oral anticoagulant (increases bleeding) ? 
Hepatotoxicity with barbiturates , carbamazepine, hydra round or
Rifampin 

Pharm 2 (1 decks)

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