Pain Meds Flashcards

Review all the important pain meds: classifications, indications, side effects, adverse reactions, and nursing considerations.

1
Q

Indication:

NSAIDs

(nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

A
  • Analgesic: to treat mild to moderate pain
  • Antipyretic: to decrease a fever
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2
Q

Generic names:

NSAIDs

A
  • celecoxib
  • ibuprofen
  • indomethacin
  • ketorolac
  • meloxicam
  • naproxen
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3
Q

Most common side effects and nursing considerations:

NSAIDs

A
  1. can cause GI upset and GI bleeding
    • take with food
    • assess for bleeding
  2. nephrotoxic
    • assess BUN, creatinine and urine output
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4
Q

Indication:

Opioids

A

Analgesic: to treat moderate to severe pain.

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5
Q

Generic names:

Opioids

A
  • codeine
  • fentanyl
  • methadone
  • morphine
  • oxycodone
  • oxymorphone
  • tramadol
  • hydromorphone
  • heroin (illegal)

These meds are highly addictive.

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6
Q

Most common side effects and nursing considerations:

Opioids

A
  • bradypnea: assess respirations and hold if < 12
  • suppresses cough reflex: encourage cough and deep breathing
  • constipation: encourage fluids, fiber, and walking
  • sedation: assess vital signs and prevent falls
  • use caution with head injury clients: can increase intracranial pressure
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7
Q

What do opiods do to pupils?

A

Can cause pinpoint pupils.

(constricted pupils)

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8
Q

Nursing considerations:

morphine

A

Don’t give to clients with cholecystitis:

  • can cause biliary spasms
  • give hydromorphone instead
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9
Q

Indication:

naloxone

A
  • antidote / opioid antagonist
  • to treat opioid overdose
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10
Q

How is opioid withdrawal treated?

A
  • methadone: opioids are tapered
  • clonidine: to calm client
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11
Q

Nursing considerations:

meperidine

A
  • opioid analgesic given when there are no other viable options
  • do not give to children or elderly due to risk of seizures
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12
Q

Indication:

acetaminophen

A
  • analgesic: treat mild to moderate pain
  • antipyretic: treat fever
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13
Q

Antidote to acetaminophen

A

acetylcysteine

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14
Q

Most common side effects and nursing considerations:

acetaminophen

A

Hepatotoxic

  • assess liver function: ALT, AST, bilirubin
  • don’t give to clients with liver disease
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15
Q

How many milligrams daily is acetaminophen limited to?

A

4000 mg daily

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16
Q

Generic names:

opioid/acetaminophen combination med

A
  • acetaminophen/hydrocodone
  • acetaminophen/oxycodone
17
Q

Nursing considerations:

opioid/acetaminophen combination med

A
  • assess client if taking additional acetaminophen
  • teach to avoid acetaminophen overdose
18
Q

Indication:

sumatriptan
rizatriptan

A

To treat migraines.

19
Q

Adverse reaction and nursing considerations:

sumatriptan
rizatriptan

A

arrhythimias: assess for chest pain

20
Q

Mechanism of action:

NSAIDs

A

Inhibit COX-2.

21
Q

Mechanism of action:

acetaminophen

A

Inhibits prostaglandins.

22
Q

What is the easiest way to quickly master key pharmacology concepts for the NCLEX-RN, including medications and nursing considerations?

A

Brainscape’s NCLEX-RN Pharmacology Flashcards