Pain Management

Question 1

Nociceptive pain

Answer 1

arrises from damage or inflamation to tissue other than that of the peripheral and central nervous system, usually throbbing, aching and localized

pain is managed through opioids and nonopioid use

Question 2

neuropathic pain

Answer 2

stems from abnormal or damaged pain nerves
pins and needles
ex spinal cord injury or neuropathy

pain managed through muscle relaxants, antidepressants,

Question 3

focused pain assessment

Answer 3

Location
Quality
Measures (out of ten)
Timing
setting- affect on daily life
associated manifestations
aggravating and relieving factors

Question 4

what needs a higher dose:oral or IV meds?

Answer 4

oral, because the full medication of the dose does not reach the bloodstream

Question 5

non opioid analgesics

Answer 5

mild to moderate pain
ex. acetaminophen (don’t exceed 4 g perday for adult) you can administer with NSAIDS(ibuprophen, aspirin, celecoxib)

Question 6

Opioid Analgesics

Answer 6

moderate to severe pain
moderate pain- tramadol, hydrocodone and codeine
severe pain- hydromorphone, fentenal, morphine, oxycodone methadone
Intervene if client experiences constipation, orthostatic hypotension, sedation, respiratory depression, urinary retention

Question 7

Adjuvant analgesics

Answer 7

enhance effects of nonopioids
treatment of neuropathic pain
ex,

Question 8

PCA

Answer 8

morphine and hydromorphone

Question 9

acute pain symptoms

Answer 9

Tachycardia, hypertension, anxiety, diaphoresis, muscle tension
Grimacing, moaning, flinching, guarding

Question 10

chronic pain

Answer 10

> 3 months, beyond tissue healing
Depression, fatigue, decreased functioning, disability

Question 11

Neuropathic
tratment

Answer 11

antidepressants, antispasmodics, skeletal muscle relaxants

Question 12

Naloxone

Answer 12

IV, IM, intranasal
Titrate to reverse respiratory depression without full reversal of pain management
Rapid infusion = hypertension, tachycardia, N/V
Half-life is 60 to 90 minutes