Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ECC > pain management > Flashcards

pain management Flashcards

1
Q

Allodynia

A

pain associated with non noxious stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Anaesthesia

A

absence of sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

analgesia

A

absence of pain in presence of a noxious stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

distress

A

external display of suffering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hyperaesthesia

A

Increased sensitivity to a stimuli - alodynia and hyperalgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hyperalgesia

A

increased sensitivity to a noxious stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hypoalgesia

A

decreased sensitivity to a noxious simuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

nociception

A

transduction, conduction and cns processing of a signal generated by the nociceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

noxious stimuli

A

painful stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pain

A

unpleasant sensory or physical experience associated with real or potential tissue damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pain theshold

A

least level of pain that an individual can recognise
if under the threshold - nociceptor not activated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pain tolerance level

A

greatest level of pain that an individual can tolerate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

suffering

A

unpleasant emotional state usually internalised not expressed outwardly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

windup

A

Sensitisation of the nociceptors and pain pathways that occurs following prolonged severe nociceptive stimuli
- this results in expanced receptive fields to nociception
- increased rate of discharge of the nociceptors
- more pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pain results in

A

1) behavioural changes
2.) autonomic nervous system stimulation (SNS)
3) neuroendocrine activation
- ACTH => Cortisol
- Catecholamines - Noradrenalin/ adrenalin
- renin - Aldosterone - ADH
- TSH => T4
- Growth hormones
- glucagon/ insulin
+ cytokine release IL1, IL 6 TNF -a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Consequences of pain

A
  • ↑ HR - SNS
  • ↑ coagulability
  • ↑ metabolism
  • ↓ immunity
17
Q

multimodal analgesia

A
  • use of 2 or more analgesis classes together
  • work synergistically
  • improved analgesgia with lower doses - ↓ Side / adverse effects
  • ↓ likelyhood of chronic/wind up pain
  • ↓ NE response
  • ↓ healing time
  • ↓ stress response - ↓ tissue catabolism and maintenance of the immune system
  • ↓ pat
  • ient interference
18
Q

Acute pain

A

pain that begins abruptly and is brief in duration -
-eg superficial laceration - pain resolve when wound is healed

19
Q

Cental pain

A

pain associated with a lesion in the CNS
eg. pain associated with MS

20
Q

chronic pain

A

pain persisting beyond the time frame for healing or pain associated with a chronic pathological process
eg. OA or neoplastic pain

21
Q

inflammatory pain

A

pain associated with tissue damage and inflammation
eg abscess

22
Q

neuropathic pain

A

pain associated with peripheral NS or CNS
eg phantom limb pain

23
Q

neuropathic pain

A

pain associated with peripheral NS or CNS
eg phantom limb pain

24
Q

pathological pain

A

pain that is an exaggerated response for a longer period of time than the normal defence mechanism warrents and is associated with tissue injury
eg, peripheral or central sensitisation

25
Q

physiological pain

A

normal defence mechanism warning the body of contact with a stimulus that is potentially damaging
it initiates behavioural and reflex avoidance strategies

26
Q

somatic pain

A

sharp stabbing pain associated with skin/joints/muscle/periostium

27
Q

visceral pain

A

dull aching pain associated with thoracic or abdominal viscera

28
Q

5 physiological parts of pain pathway

A
  1. transduction
  2. transmission
  3. modulation
  4. projection
  5. perception
29
Q

What is the Excitatory NT in the spine

A

Aspartate,
Glutamate
Substance P

30
Q

what is the excitatory receptors in the spine

A

NMDA, AMPA

31
Q

Inhibitory NT in the spine

A
  • endogenous opioids - endorphins, dynorphine, encephalin
    -in hibitory receptors - GABA + glycine
    exogenous opiods
32
Q

Name different nerve fibres that the primary nerve fiber can connect with

A
  1. Interneurons - excitatory or inhibitory
  2. Propriospinal neurone - extend over a few spinal segments - reflex activity
  3. Projection neurons.
    - extend supraspinally - onto brainstem and brain
33
Q

Projection neurons subclassification

A
  1. nociceptive specific (NS)
    * responds to mechanical or thermal input from Aa or C type fibres q
    - respond to impulses in a discrete areas
  2. wide dynamic range - i
    - responds to nociceptive input and non nociceptive input
    - - responds to large area
  3. complex
    - integrate somatic and visceral afferent activity

ECC (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions