Pain, Inflammation, Fever

Question 1

analgesics

Answer 1

madications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness

Question 2

pain

Answer 2

an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with either actual or potential tissue damage

Question 3

nociceptors

Answer 3

pain results from the stimulation of sensory nerve fibers known as nociceptors.
These receptors transmit pain signals from various body regions to the spinal cord and brain, which leads to the sensation of pain, or nociception

Question 4

nociception

Answer 4

sensation of pain

Question 5

pain threshold

Answer 5

the level of stimulus needed to produce a painful sensation

Question 6

pain tolerance

Answer 6

psychologic element of pain.

This is the amount of pain a patient can endure without its interfering with normal function.

Question 7

somatic pain

Answer 7

originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, and joints

Question 8

Visceral pain

Answer 8

originates from organs and smooth muscles

Question 9

superficial pain

Answer 9

originates from the skin and mucous membranes.

Question 10

deep pain

Answer 10

occurs in tissues below skin level

Question 11

how to treat visceral, or superficial pain

Answer 11

opioids

Question 12

how to treat somatic pain

Answer 12

nonopioid analgesics

such as nonsteroidal aniinflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs)

Question 13

vascular pain

Answer 13

ogiginate from the vascular or perivascular tissues

and is thought to account for a large percentage of migraine headaches

Question 14

referred pain

Answer 14

occurs when visceral nerve fibers synapse at a level in the spinal cord close to fibers that supply specific subcutaneous tissues in the body.

example: Pain associated with cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation ), which is often referred to the back and scapular areas.

Question 15

neuropathic pain

Answer 15

results from damage to peripheral or CNS nerve fibers by disease or injury but may also be idiopathic (unwxplained)

Question 16

Phantom pain

Answer 16

occurs in the area of a body part that has been removed

it can also occur in paralyzed limbs following spinal cord injury

Question 17

cancer pain

Answer 17

can be acute or chronic or both

most often results from pressure of the tumor mass against nerves, organs, or tissues
–hypoxia from blockage of blood supply to an organ, metastases, pathologic fractures, muscle spasms, and adverse effects of radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy.

Question 18

central pain

Answer 18

occurs with tumors, trauma, Inflammation, or disease ( e.g., cancer, diabetes, stroke, multiple sclerosis ) affecting CNS tissues

Question 19

nociceptors

Answer 19

pain receptors

Question 20

body’s painkillers (produced within the body)

Answer 20

ebdorphins and enkephalins

inhibiting the transmission of pain impulses by closing the spinal cord gates

these endogenous analgesic substances are released whenever the body experiences pain or prolonged exertion.

Question 21

neuropathic pain

Answer 21

results from nerve damage secondary to disease

( e.g., diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia secondary to shingles, AIDS or injury, including nerve damage secondary to surgical procedures)