Pain

Question 1

What is the definition of Pain?

Answer 1

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage. (International association for the study of pain 2020)

Question 2

What are the 3 dimensions of pain?

Answer 2

Sensory discriminative: physical stimuli and their processing
Affective: unpleasantness, emotions
Cognitive-evaluative: situation, context, memory, cognition

Question 3

What are the 3 basic types of pain?

Answer 3

1. Nociceptive
2. Neuropathic
3. Nociplastic

Question 4

What is Nociceptive Pain?

Answer 4

Caused by stimulation of nociceptors in tissues

Question 5

What is Neuropathic Pain?

Answer 5

Arises as a direct consequence of a leison or diseases affecting somatosensory system

Question 6

What is Nociplastic Pain?

Answer 6

Pain that:
1. arises from altered nociception despite
2. no clear evidence of actual or threatened tissue damage, i.e. no activation of peripheral nociceptors or
3. no evidence for disease or lesion of the somatosensory system causing the pain

Question 7

What are the 5 body regions that lack nociceptors?

Answer 7

1. Brain tissue (however, the meninges do have nociceptors)
2. Bone (however the periosteal membrane has nociceptors)
3. Interstitial tissue of the kidney (however the capsula has nociceptors)
4. Liver (however the liver capsula has nociceptors)
5. Lungs (however, pleura has nociceptors)

Question 8

Outline the Basic scheme of pain.

Answer 8

Free nerve endings in tissues
then…
Peripheral nerve
then…
Dorsal horns of the spinal cord
then…
Spinal cord pathways
then…
Brain centres