pain Flashcards
the most commonly experienced symptoms in dentistry
pain
describes as sharp, burning, aching, cramping, dull, or throbbing experience
pain
is a thin elastic covering composed of a layer of lipid between two layers of protein
nerve cell membrane
refers to the transmission of electrical signals along nerve fibers
nerve conduction
in resting state, where is anion and cations greater?
anion ( - ) are greater inside the cell membrane
cation ( + ) equal number are gathered outside
what ions are concentrated inside the resting state of the membrane?
potassium ions
when can a membrane potential develop by the creation of an ionic imbalance?
by an active diffusion of ions through the membrane
&
diffusion of ions across the membrane because of a gradient difference
what ions are concentrated outside the resting state of the membrane?
sodium and chloride
what is the mv of a resting state outside the membrane?
-70 to -90
is there a chloride diffusion inside the membrane?
no, chloride remains outside the nerve membrane as a result of the opposing electrostatic influence forcing outward migration
the maintenance of the resting potential is mainly a result of an active mechanism known as??
sodium pump
the “jumping” of the impulse from node to node through the surrounding interstitial tissue is called??
saltatory conduction
who provides energy source for the sodium pump?
ATP
during this 3 to 4msec interval of repolarization, the membrane has a reserve potential and cannot be stimulated. Thus, the nerve is in ____ period??
absolute refractory period
when the normal ionic distribution pattern begins to return, the nerve can be stimulated, but only by a greater than usual stimulus. The nerve is said to be in the _____ period??
relative refractory period
a principle that states that the response of a nerve cell of muscle fiber is independent of a strength of the stimulus, as long as the stimulus exceeds a certain threshold
all or nothing law
who provided a classical description of specificity theory
Rene Descartes in 1644