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Pulmonary > PAH > Flashcards

PAH Flashcards

1
Q

What is the brand name of Epoprostenol (IV)?

A

Flolan

Veletri

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2
Q

What is the half-life of Flolan?

A

VERY SHORT!

3-5 minutes

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3
Q

What is the brand name of Treprostinil (IV/ SC)?

A

Remodulin

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4
Q

What is the brand name of Treprostinil (INH)?

A

Tyvaso

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5
Q

What is the brand name of Treprostinil (PO)?

A

Orenitram

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6
Q

What is the brand name of Iloprost (INH)?

A

Ventavis

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7
Q

What are ADRs of the Synthetic Prostacyclin and Prostacyclin Analogs?

A 
Flushing
Jaw Pain
Headache
Skeletal Pain
Diarrhea
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8
Q

What ADRs can be seen specifically with the the parental formulations of the synthetic prostacyclin and prostacyclin analogs?

A 
Hypotenstion
Thrombocytopenia
Catheter-related infection
pump malfunction
infusion site pain (especially SC)
thrombosis
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9
Q

What ADRs can be seen specifically with the INH formulations?

A

Cough

throat irritation may occur with the inhaled formulation

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10
Q

Which PAH agent is shown to decrease mortality in WHO functional class IV patients?

A

Epoprostenol

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11
Q

Who are the parenteral prostacyclins analogs indicated for?

A

functional class III and IV

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12
Q

What is the MOA of the Synthetic Prostacyclin and Prostacylin Analogs? (2)

A
  1. Direct vasodilator of systemic and pulmonary vascular beds
  2. also inhibit platelet
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13
Q

What is the MOA of Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERAs)?

A

antagonism of endothelin receptors, leading to vasodilation

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14
Q

What is the brand name of Bosentan?

A

Tracleer

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15
Q

What is the brand name of ambrisentan?

A

Letairis

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16
Q

What is the brand name of Macitentan?

A

Opsumit

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17
Q

How are the endothelin receptor antagonists metabolized?

A

hepatic metabolism

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18
Q

What are the ADRs of endothelin receptor antagonists?

A 
Headache
flushing
Increase Liver Function Tests ( more likely w/ bosentan)
edema ( especially if >65 yo)
decrease hemoglobin/ hematocrit
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19
Q

What drug category (A, B, C, D, X) are the ERAs?

A

Teratogenic ( Category X)

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20
Q

What drug has a black box warning for liver injury?

A

Bosentan

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21
Q

True or False

All ERAs Drugs are Oral Agents

A

True

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22
Q

What drug class are only available through access programs due to teratogenicity? (REMS)

A

ERAs

23
Q

What functional classes can one use ERAs?

A

Functional Classes II through IV

24
Q

What is the MOA of Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors?

A

increase cellular concentration of cGMP, leading to vasorelaxation and antiproliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells

25
Q

what is the brand name of sildenafil?

A

Revatio

26
Q

What is the brand name of Tadafil?

A

Adcirca

27
Q

how are the PDE-5 inhibitors metabolized?

A

hepatic metabolism

28
Q

What are some ADRs of PDE-5 inhibitors?

A 
Headache
Flushing
Dyspepsia
Epistaxis
Rash
Vision Changes
29
Q

What functional classes can you use PDE-5 inhibitors?

A

Functional Class II through IV

30
Q

What is the MOA of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator?

A

Senstizes soluble guanylate cyclase to endogenous Nitric Oxide and stimulates NO and soluble soluble guanylate cyclase binding;
increases cGMP leading to vasodilation

31
Q

What is the brand name Riociguat?

A

Adempas

32
Q

How are guanylate cyclase stimulator metabolized?

A

hepatic metabolism

33
Q

What are the ADRs of guanylate cyclase stimulator metabolized?

A 
hypotension
dizziness
headache
bleeding
edema
dyspepsia
34
Q

What drug category (A, B, C, D, X) are the guanylate cyclase stimulator ?

A

Category X

35
Q

What drugs are contraindicated with guanylate cyclase stimulators?

A

PDE-5 inhibitors

36
Q

What functional classes can I give guanylate cyclase stimulators to?

A

functional classes II and III

37
Q

True or False

Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator is available through REMs program due to teratogenicity

A

True

38
Q

What is the MOA of the selective prostacyclin IP agonists?

A

activation of the IP receptor leads to smooth muscle cell vasodilation through increased cAMP as well as inhibition of proliferation and platelet aggregation

39
Q

What is the brand name of selexipag?

A

uptravi

40
Q

How is selexipag metabolized?

A

hepatic metabolism

41
Q

What are the common ADRs of selexipag?

A 
flushing
headache
diarrhea
nausea
vomitting
42
Q

what are the less common ADRs of selexipag?

A

hyperthyroidism

decrease hemoglobin

43
Q

What functional class are selective prostacyclin IP agonist?

A

studied in functional class II and III

44
Q

What tests can be monitored while on prostacyclin IP agonists?

A

thyroid function tests

45
Q

What is the MOA of CCB?

A

blocks influx of extracellular calcium leading to vasodilation

46
Q

What is the brand name of nifedipine?

A

procardia

47
Q

What is the brand name of diltiazem?

A

cardizem

48
Q

What is the brand name of amlodipine?

A

norvasc

49
Q

What is the half-life of amlodipine?

A

LONG

35hrs

50
Q

How are CCB metabolized?

A

hepatic metabolism

51
Q

What are the ADRs of CCBs?

A 
peripheral edema
headache
dizziness
constipation
flushing
52
Q

Which calcium channel blocker is a negative inotrope?

A

diltiazem

53
Q

True or False

Use is independent upon positive response in vasodilator testing

A

False

its use is DEPENDENT

Pulmonary (3 decks)

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