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Question 0

How is the relationship between a tube worm and bacteria in deep sea vents mutualistic?

Answer 0

Tube worms get bacteria from the chemosynthetic bacteria that live inside the them and the bacteria get a place to live, protected from the hot, acid environment around the vent.

Question 1

How are cleaner fish and sharks mutualistic?

Answer 1

Cleaner fish get food and the shark gets its old skin and parasites removed.

Question 2

Bacteria living around hydrothermal vents are chemosynthetic. What does this mean?

Answer 2

They are producers and make sugars using chemicals (hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide) from the water.

Question 3

Explain the relationship between legumes and rhizobium.

Answer 3

Legumes get nitrates (fixed by the rhizobium) and the rhizobium bacteria get sugars and a place to live in the root nodules.

Question 4

If the number of babies being born is greater than the number of people that die, what happens?

Answer 4

The global population increases.

Question 5

What pollution does human activity produce?

Answer 5

Sulphur dioxide from coal burning power stations causing acid rain, phosphates and nitrates from sewage and fertiliser

Question 6

Excess nitrates causing algal booms and reducing dissolved oxygen is called what?

Answer 6

Eutrophication

Question 7

What happens when algae grows on a river?

Answer 7

Light is blocked so other plants reduce photosynthesis

Question 8

Name two aquatic invertebrates that are indicators of polluted water.

Answer 8

Bloodworm and sludgeworm

Question 9

Name 2 aquatic invertebrates that are indicators of low water pollution.

Answer 9

Fresh water shrimps and stonefly larvae

Question 10

Name 2 living indicators of air quality.

Answer 10

Lichens and black spot fungus on roses

Question 11

If some roses had lots of black spot fungus on them, what would you know about the air quality?

Answer 11

Good quality, low pollution from sulphur dioxide.

Question 12

If you found some large, fluffy lichens, what would it tell you about the air quality?

Answer 12

Good, low pollution from nitrates.

Question 13

Explain how recycling metals is beneficial.

Answer 13

Less needs to be extracted from ores; less energy to recycle than to extract new metals; less landfill

Question 14

Explain how recycling paper is beneficial.

Answer 14

Less trees cut down to make new paper/cardboard; less energy to recycle paper than make new paper; less in landfill.

Question 15

Explain how recycling plastics is beneficial.

Answer 15

Save oil to make new plastic; oil is non-renewable; less plastic in landfill

Question 16

Which plant process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

Answer 16

Photosynthesis

Question 17

Which process carried out by all living organisms returns carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?

Answer 17

Respiration.