Page 3 - 17 Flashcards
as a subfield of political science, is the study of the interactions among the various actors that participate in international politics. It is the study of the behaviors of these actors as they participate individually and together in international political processes.
International relations
is also an interdisciplinary field of inquiry, using concepts and substance from history, economics, and anthropology, as well as political science.
International relations
posits that states exist in an anarchic international system; that is, there is no overarching hierarchical authority. Each state bases its policies on an interpretation of its national interest defined in terms of power. The struc ture of the international system is determined by the distribution of power among states.
realism
is historically rooted in several philosophical tradi- tions that posit that human nature is basically good. Individuals form groups and, later, states. States generally cooperate and follow international norms and proce- dures that they have agreed to support.
liberalism
in contrast to both realists and liberals, argue that the key structures in the state system are not material but instead social and dependent on ideas. The interests of states are not fixed but rather malleable and ever-changing.
international relations constructivists,
Three of the more prominent perspectives are developed in this book:
realism and neorealism, liberalism and neoliberal institutionalism, and constructivism.
explains, “No single approach can capture all the complexity of contemporary world poli- tics. Therefore, we are better off with a diverse array of competing ideas rather than a single theoretical orthodoxy.
Stephen Walt
tells us that the continual violence in Jerusalem and in the West Bank is part of a dispute over territory between Arabs and Jews, a dispute having its origins in biblical times and its modern roots in the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948. Sudan’s 20-year civil war between the Muslim north and Christian/animist south and the Darfur crisis beginning in 2003 are both products of the central government’s long-standing neglect of marginalized areas, exacerbated by religious differences and magnified by natural disasters.
History
provides a crucial background for the study of international rela- tions._______ has been so fundamental to the study of international relations that there was no separate international relations subfield until the early twentieth cen- tury.
History
In Europe and the United States, international relations was studied under the umbrella of ¹______ _______ in most academic institutions. Having knowledge of both ______ ______ and ²________ ______ remains critical for students of international relations.
¹diplomatic history
²national histories
______ invites its students to acquire detailed knowledge of specific events, but it also can be used to test generalizations. Having deciphered patterns from the past, students of ______ can begin to explain the relationships among various events.
History
Argued that the life force in man is intelligent. Only a few people can have insight into what is good, society should submit to the authority of these philosopher- kings. Many of these ideas are developed in The Republic.
Plato (с. 427-347 вск) Greek
Addressed the problem of order in the individual Greek city-state. The first to use the comparative method of research, observing multiple points in time and suggesting explanations for the patterns found.
Aristotle (384 - 322 BCE) Greek
In Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality among Men, described the state of nature in both national and international society. Argued that the solution to the state of nature is the social contract, whereby individuals gather in small communities where the “general will” is realized.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-78)
French
Associated with the idealist or utopian school of thought. In Idea for a Universal History and Perpetual Peace, advocated a world federation of republics bound by the rule of law.
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
German
