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Question 1

Enthalpy

Answer 1

Change in energy of a chemical reaction (🔺H)

Question 2

Heat of formation

Answer 2

Heat energy released or gained when a compound is formed (H_f)

Question 3

Bond energy

Answer 3

Amount of energy required to break in mole of bonds in the gas state

Question 4

Entropy

Answer 4

Measure of disorder; degree of randomness (S)

Question 5

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 5

The universe tends toward greater disorder spontaneously

Question 6

Third law of thermodynamics

Answer 6

The entropy of a hypothetical pure crystalline substance at zero kelvin is zero

Question 7

Oxidation

Answer 7

Loss of electrons; causes charge to rise

Question 8

Reduction

Answer 8

Gain of electrons; causes charge to decrease

Question 9

Electrolyte

Answer 9

A substance that produces ions when dissolved in water, and therefore, conducts electricity

Question 10

Strong electrolyte

Answer 10

Ionic compounds that undergoes complete dissociation when dissolved in water

Question 11

Weak electrolyte

Answer 11

A compound that undergoes only partial dissociation when dissolved in water

Question 12

Activation energy

Answer 12

The kinetic energy that reactants must have in other to turn into products

Question 13

Catalyst

Answer 13

A substance that speeds up a reaction without itself being changed or reduced by lowering the required activation energy

Question 14

Activated complex

Answer 14

A high energy transitional structure in a chemical reaction where old bonds are breaking and new bonds are forming

Question 15

Oxidation number

Answer 15

Assigned charge

Question 16

Limiting reactant

Answer 16

The reactant in a chemical reaction that runs out first and determines how much product is made

Question 17

Hydrate

Answer 17

An ionic compound that has ware as a part of its structure; MgSO4 • 7H2O