page 19 and so on

Question 1

can only be changed by file owner or superuser (system
administrator)

Answer 1

permissions

Question 2

is used to alter access permissions to an existing file or
directory

Answer 2

chmod

Question 3

the 9 permission characters displayed in an ls -l listing

Answer 3

r w xr w xr w x

Question 4

User Group Other

Answer 4

r w x r w x rw x

Question 5

permission provides the ability to read the contents of a file, for
example:
cat cars - the cat command will only work if you
have read permission

Answer 5

r = read

Question 6

permission provdes the ability to change or add to the
contents of a file

Answer 6

w - write

Question 7

permission provides the ability to execute (run) a program

Answer 7

x - execute

Question 8

permissions apply to the owner of the file, and may be any
combination of read, write, and execute

Answer 8

u - user

Question 9

permissions apply to the group of the file, for example the
other engineers in your engineering department

Answer 9

g - group