paeds Flashcards
what age is this patient
6 or 7
which other permanent teeth should be present at this time
first permanent molars (6s)
what is the name given to the space between the upper central incisors
midline diastema
what has caused this in this particular case
low frenal attachment
what is the likely cause of the general appearacnnce of the lower central incisors
fluorosis
how is fluorosis likely to have arisen
excessive ingestion of fluoride during development of the teeth
what other permanent teeth are likely to affected by fluorosis
upper centrals
lateral incisors
canines
first premolars
second premolars
first molars
give 3 tx options for lower central incisors
microabrasion
composite restoration
strip crowns
which primary teeth are still present
55
54
53
63
then adults 16, 12, 11, 21, 22, 25, 26
what age is this pt
10/11/12 years
tx option for retained primary teeth on RHS
extraction
in which caries risk category would you place this pt
and why (3)
high risk
existing restorations
new carious lesions
early loss of primary tooth (64)
which radiographs would you take to further investigate caries in posteiror teeth
bitewings
bitewings confim no caries in FPM
what preventative tx would you provide
fissure sealants
which caries risk category
why (3)
high
existing restorations in 85, 84, 74
buccal swelling adjacent to 85
new carious lesion in 75
which 2 teeth have been temporised
85
84
which tooth is erupting distal to the last tooth on patients RHS
46
at what age do 6s usually erupt
6 years
what preventative tx would you provide for 46 when erupted
fissure sealant
5 possible fluoride containing preparations and doses, which would be suitable for this pt who lives in an area with less than 0.3ppm fluoride in drinking water
- fluoride toothpaste (1000ppm)
- fluoride toothpaste (1450ppm)
- duraphate/fluoride varnish (22600ppm)
- fluoride mouthwash (225ppm)
- fluoride tables (1mg)
which primary teeth are still present
55, 53
63, 65
which primary teeth have been extracted early
54
64
name for forward movement of teeth into an extractions space
mesial drift
caries risk category
why (3)
high risk
early loss/extraction of primary molars
existing restorations
new carious lesions
bitewings should minimal caries in upper left 6
what type of restoration would you place
preventative resin restoration (PRR)
which primary teeth are still present
75
85
caries risk category
why (3)
high
existing restorations
new carious lesions
early loss/extraction of primary teeth
what age do premanent premolars erupt
10/11 years old
once premanent premolars erupted what type of preventative procedure would you apply
fissure sealants
child is 9
what fluoride preparations can you give them
(drinking water is 0.3ppm)
F toothpaste - 1450ppm, 2800ppm
F varnish/duraphat - 22600ppm
F mouthwash - 250ppm
injury to upper right central and lateral incisors
luxation/extrusion
likely cause of injury here
trauma
this injury is most likely to occur in which type of maloxcclusion
class II div 1
what type of splint should be placed
for how long
flexible
4 weeks
3 OH advice for pt before they left surgery
don’t brush for the first day
use a soft brush after the first day
use a chlorohexidine mouthwash fr the first 7 days
3 ways to monitor teeth long term
colour
percussion
vitality testing - EPT, ethyl chloride
injury to 11
occurence
enamel and dentine fracture
trauma
what material to restore this injury (2 options)
compomer
composite resin
how to monitor tooth long term (4)
radiographs
colour
percussion
vitality testing (EPT, ethyl chloride)
what other non-carious diseases are present on these anterior teeth
non carious tooth surface loss
causative agents for NCTSL
carbonated (fizzy drinks)
fruit juices
fruit (acidic - oranges, lemons)
acid from GORD
11 may be non vital
how is this suggested
colour change
what type of radiograph to further investigate 11
periapical
initial tx for 11
root canal treatment
2 methods of imporving colour of 11 in long term
internal bleaching
veneer
evidence of marginal gingivitis
3 chairside methods of imporving oral hygiene
disclosing tables/solution
tooth brushing demonstartion/instruction
prophy polish
pt 14, lives in 0.3ppm water area
possible fluoride preparations
f toothpaste (2800ppm, 5000ppm)
duraphate (22600ppm)
F mouthwash (250ppm)
how old is this pt
6 or 7
which other permanent teeth expect to be erupting at this stage
6s
name for spacing between upper centrals
midline diastema
cause for this pt of midline diastema
low frenal attachment
other pathology (not diastema) in this pt
and possible cause
ulcer
trauma from toothbrush
cause of soft tissue lesion adj to lower primary molars
dental abscess
radiograph to further investigate lower primary molar
periapical
likley tx for lower primary molar
extraction
examples of congenital cardiac abnormality
ASD
VSD
mitral valce stenosis/regurgitation
aortic valce stenosis/regurgitation
coartication of the aorta
tetraology of Fallot
if this child had a congenital heart defect how would you tx
extraction with antibiotic cover
what type of radiograph
OPT / OPG
panoramic
2 primary teeth still present
55
65
2 permanent teeth which are congenitally absent
35
45
caries risk category
why
high risk
existing restoration
new carious lesions
age for second permanent molar to erupt
12
what type radiograph
periapicals
teeth with periapical pathology (4)
12
11
21
24
teeth with caries (6)
17
15
12
21
22
25
tx of 11 (2)
root canal treatment
post and core
caries risk category
why
high risk
existing restorations
new carious lesions
early loss/extraction of permanent teeth
type of radiograph
bitewings
3 teeth with restorations
65
75
84
type of radiograph
upper anterior oblique occlusal
what primary teeth are shown in this radiograph (6 in total)
53, 52, 51
61, 62, 63
3 methods to monitor teeth suffered trauma in long term
colour
mobility
TTP, percussion
radiograph
possible long term complications for anterior teeth suffered trauma
4 things to tell parent
loss of vitality
abscess risk
may require extraction
delayed exfoliation
possible long term complications associated with permanent teeth after trauma to primary teeth
5 possible warnings for parent
delayed eruption
ectopic eruption
damage to crown development - hypoplasia
hypominerlisation
damage to root development - dilaceration
technique which should be used to locate localis unerupted permanent canine
parallax
e.g. panoramic, upper anterior oblique occlusal
common place for ectopic maxillary canines
palatal
primary tooth still present
63
age expect upper permanent canine to erupt
11/12/13 years
tx would have encouraged the spontaneous alignment of the permanent canines
extraction of primary canine
age of pt
6/7 years
types of radiographs
bitewings and upper anterior oblique occlusal
caries risk category
why
high
previous restorations
new carious lesions
prevantative tx of 6s when erupted
fissure sealants
f preps for this 6 year old
f toothpaste 1450ppm
duraphat 22600ppm
f mouthwahs 250ppm
f tablets 1mg daily
age
10 or 11
traumatic injurt of 21
enamel and dentine fracture
likely materials to repair enamel and dentine fracture (2 options)
composite
compomer
which primary molar teeth still present (6 total)
55, 54
64, 65
75,
85
what age expect the second primary molars to exfoliate
10/11 years
age
caries risk
9 years
high risk
teeth extracted early (2)
65
85
teeth with restorations (2)
26
46
types of radiographs
upper anterior oblique occlusal
periapicals
damage to 11
middle third root fracture
possible causes of middle third root fracture (4)
fall
RTA
sport
fight
splint and duration for middle 1/3 root fracture
flexible splint
4 weeks
what portion of tooth would you extripate if 11 became non vital
coronal portion of root
with what would you dress the canal initally if 11 became non vital
Ca(OH)2
after what length of time after extripation of root would you expect a calcified barrier to have formed
6-12 months
age of pt
9
list remaining primary teeth (9 total)
55, 54, 53
63, 64, 65
73, 74, 75
85, 84, 83
classify trauma to 11
enamel/dentine/pulp (complicated) fracture
injury to 11 occurred more than 24hrs ago
what procedure would you initally carry out
using what medication
pulpotomy
Ca(OH)2
at what intervals after the inital visit would you take radiographs to reassess 11
3 months and 6 months later
