Paeds Flashcards
1
Q
Febrile seizure
A
- Febrile seizure is a convulsion which occurs in some children with a high temperature. Most febrile seizures are not serious. Febrile seizures are not the same as epilepsy, and the risk of a child developing subsequent epilepsy is low but about 1 in 3 children will have another febrile seizure.
- The main thing we worry about with febrile seizures is if the seizure lasts for over 5 minutes or is accompanied by concerning symptoms or signs.
- You should monitor your child for signs of dehydration and offer them regular fluids. Keep your child off school until they are recovered. You can give your child regular paracetamol or ibuprofen for comfort or pain, but this won’t stop future febrile seizures from occurring. Methods to cool your child have been shown not to be beneficial. You can read more about febrile seizures on patient.info website.
- Safety net: If your child develops a non-blanching rash or loses consciousness, has another seizure, becomes dehydrated, fever lasting longer 5 days, or if you have any concerns then please come back.
2
Q
Sepsis
A
- Sepsis is an infection of the blood.
- It is a serious infection which can cause long-term organ damage and has a high mortality risk.
- Your child will need to stay in hospital where we can identify the source of the infection, monitor him/her closely and give antibiotics through a drip. We will keep you updated with his/her progress
- Do you have any questions I can answer now?
3
Q
type 1 diabetes
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms we think he might have type 1 diabetes. Have you heard of this before?
- Diabetes is a long-term condition where the body does not produce enough of the hormone insulin. This means that sugar can’t move from the blood into cells.
- The reason your child has experienced these symptoms is because of something called DKA. This is when the body doesn’t have sugar stores, so it uses fat to make energy. It is a potentially life-threatening emergency, so we have given fluids and insulin to stabilise him. He will have to stay in hospital and be monitored for the next few days.
- We would also like to take this time in hospital to teach you and him about diabetes and how it can be managed at home. It is not curable but having good blood sugar control is important to prevent complications like kidney damage, visual problems and skin ulcers.
- Long-term treatment involves injections of insulin. We will teach you to self-inject insulin using a small needle into the tummy or thigh before meals. A normal target is 4-7 mmol/L sugar before eating and under 9 2hrs after a meal.
- It’s also important to count carbohydrates in your meals to be able to calculate how much insulin to give each time. You might need more insulin when you’re ill.
- We will also teach you how to measure your blood sugar before meals using a finger prick device and teach you the signs of blood sugar which is too high and too low. It’s also a good idea to wear a medic alert bracelet in case of emergency.
- Other things you can do are eating a healthy and balanced diet that is high in protein and low in fat- our dieticians can help with this. You should also aim to do 60 mins of exercise daily, eating the right amount of carbs before and after.
- All of these measures are to reduce the development of complications. It’s a lot of information to take in but different specialist will see you over the next few days and explain things as many times as you need. The charity Diabetes UK is the leading charity providing support to people with diabetes.
- We will inform your GP and you should see them within 2d of discharge from the hospital. You will be regularly reviewed by the GP and the clinic in hospital, and this may include blood tests. You should also inform the school nurse.
- Safety net: you should drink a sugary energy drink if you are feeling tired, dizzy, shaky or your lips tingle or heart is pounding (hypoglycaemia). If your breathing is affected, you should call 999. If you experience blurred vision, tummy pain or nausea and vomiting (hyperglycaemia) you should inject insulin according to your nurse’s advice. Call 999 if symptoms do not resolve.
4
Q
Epilepsy
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have epilepsy. Have you heard of this before?
- Epilepsy is a common brain condition that causes frequent seizures, and the cause is unknown. Seizures are burst of disorganised electrical activity in the brain. It is a lifelong condition but can sometimes slowly get better over time.
- We mainly use anti-epileptic drugs to help and there are several we can try. If these do not work, we can consider surgery or a special diet to control the seizures.
- This may not be possible, but it would be helpful to have a recording of the seizure if it happens again in order to accurately diagnose the type of epilepsy. If your child does seize, don’t try to restrain them. Just protect their head from hitting anything and place them in the recovery position afterwards- we will teach you how to do that. If the seizure goes on for 5 mins or he has more than one seizure in a 5min period, call 999 immediately.
- Most children with epilepsy can take part in most activities and sports but it’s important to avoid doing certain things such as swimming or taking a bath unsupervised.
- Living with a lifelong condition can be both physically and emotionally challenging. Advice and support are available from your care team and Epilepsy Society.
- We will inform your GP and they should review you after leaving hospital. You should also inform the school nurse.
- Safety net: If the seizure goes on for 5 mins or he has more than one seizure in a 5min period, call 999 immediately.
5
Q
Asthma
A
- From the symptoms you’ve described, it sounds like your child may have asthma. Have you heard of this before?
- Asthma is a common lung condition that causes occasional breathing difficulties. It often starts in childhood. Usually, exposure to a trigger causes swelling of the breathing tubes carrying air in and out of the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. Common triggers are allergies, smoke, cold air, exercise and infections.
- Currently there is no cure, but simple treatments can keep symptoms under control to reduce the impact on your life. We’d first like to trial a reliever inhaler- this is a small device you use to breathe in medicines. It’s used to quickly relieve asthma symptoms for a short time. We will also supply the school with a spare inhaler. If this doesn’t work, we can consider other long-term treatments, possible including tablets.
- When asthma symptoms are particularly bad, this is called an asthma attack which can be life threatening. I’d like to make a personalised asthma plan with you to help reduce the chance of an attack. This will include trying to identify triggers and teaching you to use a peak flow meter and the inhaler. Itchywheezysneezy.co.uk is very helpful for learning correct technique.
- You should also take the flu vaccine every year to also reduce the chance of flu causing an asthma attack. We would also advise no smoking in the house.
- Asthma is a long-term condition usually but can be controlled successfully. Badly controlled asthma can make you susceptible to infection and can affect your growth and school performance.
- Many people with long-term health conditions experience stress, anxiety of depression. You may find it helpful to discuss your experience with others. Asthma UK provides support to people with asthma and allows them to meet and share experiences.
- I’d like to see you again in 6w to review your symptoms and whether the medication is working.
- Safety net: call 999 if you are having an asthma attack that does not respond to 10 inhaler puffs. The symptoms are chest tightening, wheezing, SOB, cough, going blue, not being able to speak or confusion.
6
Q
bronchiolitis
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a virus called bronchiolitis. This commonly affects young children and is usually mild and clears up in 2-3w.
- Admitted: we’re quite worried about the symptoms your child has been experiencing so it’s best to admit him to hospital so that they can help improve his breathing. They will give oxygen and ensure that he stays hydrated either by oral or intravenous fluids. He may have to have a tube for drinking if the difficulty breathing is making it hard to swallow.
- Not admitted: make sure your child gets enough fluid to avoid dehydration. You can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to bring down their temperature if the fever is upsetting them but don’t mix the two and don’t give aspirin. At home, you should wash you and your child’s hands frequently and wipe surfaces and toys. Avoid smoking in the house and keep your child away from other children where possible. Check on him throughout the night.
- Safety net: call 111 if your child takes less than half their usual amount in the last 3 feeds or has a dry nappy for 12hrs or if he has a persistent temperature of 38C or above or seems very irritable or drowsy. Call 999 if your baby’s tongue or lips are blue or there are pauses in breathing or it seems like he is using a lot of energy to breathe.
7
Q
croup
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a virus called croup. This commonly affects young children and usually gets better on its own within 48hrs.
- Admitted: we’re quite worried about the symptoms your child has been experiencing so it’s best to admit him to hospital so that they can help improve his breathing. They will give oxygen and ensure that he stays hydrated either by oral or intravenous fluids. He will get some medication to make it easier to breathe and be closely monitored.
- Not admitted: we will give your child some medication to reduce the inflammation of his lungs. Make sure your child gets enough fluid to avoid dehydration. You can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to bring down their temperature if the fever is upsetting them but don’t mix the two. At home, you should keep your child upright and comfort them as crying can make symptoms worse. Avoid using aspirin, inhaled steam or cough/cold medicines. Check on him throughout the night.
- Safety net: call 111 if your child takes less than half their usual amount in the last 3 feeds or has a dry nappy for 12hrs or if he has a persistent temperature of 38C or above or seems very irritable or drowsy. Call 999 if your baby’s tongue or lips are blue, there is drooling or difficulty breathing or swallowing, if he is unusually quiet and still or suddenly gets a very high temperature.
8
Q
whooping cough
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a bacterial infection called whooping cough. Have you heard of this before?
- This commonly affects children who have not been vaccinated and can be dangerous. In older children it will go away on its own.
- Admitted: we’re quite worried about the symptoms your child has been experiencing/ your child is quite young so it’s best to admit him to hospital so that they can help improve his breathing. They will give oxygen and ensure that he stays hydrated either by oral or intravenous fluids. He will get some antibiotics and be closely monitored.
- Not admitted: <3w- we will give you some antibiotics to help stop it spreading to others but it may not reduce symptoms. >3w- you’re no longer contagious and do not need antibiotics. Make sure your child gets enough fluid to avoid dehydration. You can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to bring down their temperature if the fever is upsetting them but don’t mix the two. Do not give aspirin or cough medicines. Check on him throughout the night.
- Your child should stay off school for 3w from the start of cough (untreated) or 2d after starting antibiotics. Please also keep him away from pregnant women.
- The whooping cough vaccine protects children. That’s why it’s important to have all routine NHS vaccinations. It’s given as part of the 6-in-1 and 4-in-1 vaccines.
- Safety net: call 999 if your child stops breathing and goes blue, has shallow breathing, you or your child have chest pain worse when breathing (pneumonia) or your child has fits.
9
Q
pneumonia
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have an infection called pneumonia. Have you heard of this before?
- Pneumonia is a swelling of lung tissue caused bacteria or a virus. It is common but can be more serious in young children. We can effectively treat pneumonia.
- Admitted: we’re quite worried about the symptoms your child has been experiencing/ your child is quite young so it’s best to admit him to hospital so that they can help improve his breathing. They will give oxygen and ensure that he stays hydrated either by oral or intravenous fluids. He will get some antibiotics and be closely monitored.
- Not admitted: we will prescribe some antibiotics to take for 2 weeks. Make sure your child gets enough fluid to avoid dehydration. You can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to bring down their temperature if the fever is upsetting them but don’t mix the two. Do not give aspirin or cough medicines. Check on him throughout the night.
- To reduce the spread of pneumonia, we recommend good hygiene such as covering your nose or mouth when you sneeze, throwing away used tissues and washing hands regularly. Avoid smoking in the home as this increases the chance of infection.
- Safety net: call 999 if your child stops breathing and goes blue, has shallow breathing, is grunting, is unresponsive or develops a temperature of 38C or above.
10
Q
TB
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a bacterial infection called TB. Have you heard of this?
- TB is an infection of the lungs mainly but can also affect the tummy, glands, bones and nervous system. It is potentially serious but can be cured with the right antibiotics.
- TB can be cured with antibiotics for 6m. Several antibiotics are used because some TB is resistant to certain antibiotics.
- You do not need to be isolated, but you should take precautions to stop the infection spreading to your family. You should stay away from school until your TB treatment team advises you to return. Dispose of used tissues in a sealed bag, cover your mouth when coughing, sneezing or laughing, open windows for air supply and avoid sleeping in the same room as others.
- Contacts: people you have recently been in contact with should inform their GP and may be offered BGC vaccination against TB after testing.
11
Q
cystic fibrosis
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have something called cystic fibrosis. Have you heard of this before?
- CF is an inherited condition that causes sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive system. This can cause lung infections and problems with digestion.
- There’s no cure for CF but treatments can control symptoms.
- Airway clearance techniques are important for clearing mucus from the lungs- our physiotherapists can teach you how to do these daily at home. Antibiotics may be used to prevent and treat chest infections and some medications can make the mucus thinner- hypertonic saline, mannitol dry powder. Some inhalers can also widen the airways to make breathing easier.
- A dietician will advise on how to take in extra calories and nutrients as the mucus can make it difficult to absorb nutrients. They may recommend vitamin and mineral supplements and digestive enzyme tablets too.
- It is important that people with CF are up to date with all vaccinations and have the flu jab every year.
- In severe CF, the lungs can stop working and a lung transplant may be necessary. It is a serious operation with risks but can greatly improve the length and quality of life.
- Symptoms usually start in childhood and slowly get worse over time as the lungs and digestive system become increasingly damaged. Treatments are available to make it easier to live with, but sadly life expectancy is shortened. However, children born with CF are now expected to live past the age of 40.
- People with CF also have a higher risk of other conditions such as diabetes, weak bones, nasal polyps, liver problems and fertility problems. Due to the risk of cross-infection, people with CF from different households should not meet face to face.
- As I said earlier, CF is inherited from both parents, even if they are carriers but don’t have CF themselves. If you plan on having more children, please let me know and we can refer you for genetic counselling first.
- Living with a lifelong condition can be physically and emotionally challenging. Support is available from your care team and charities like Cystic Fibrosis Trust.
- I’d like to review you after you have seen some specialists in hospital. Together we can make a care plan to manage the symptoms and reduce the risk of needing hospitalisation
12
Q
meningitis
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have an infection called meningitis. Have you heard of this before?
- Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord. It can affect anyone but commonly affects children. It can be serous if not treated quickly as it can cause blood poisoning.
- Long-term complications include hearing or vision loss, memory problems or recurrent seizures. Swift treatment will avoid these.
- Your child needs urgent admission to hospital where they can give antibiotics to stop blood poisoning from happening. They will also get fluids and oxygen.
- Meningitis can be caught from people carrying the virus or bacteria but are not ill themselves. It’s therefore important that children are vaccinated against meningitis to reduce the chance of catching it. There are several vaccines offered from 8w up to university age to help reduce the spread of meningitis.
13
Q
Encephalitis
A
- Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue, usually from a viral infection. It is a serious condition which is potentially fatal, so we will need to closely monitor your child and start prompt treatment in hospital.
- We are worried about this infection causing damage to the brain, leading to long term problems. Another serious complication is the risk of clots, especially in the brain.
- Your child will need to stay in hospital so we can monitor him/her and give them the appropriate medications through a drip. We will be monitoring them for any signs of complications and keep you updated with their progress. You can read more about encephalitis on the NHS website
14
Q
Slapped cheek syndrome
A
- Slapped cheek syndrome is common in children and should clear up on its own within 3 weeks.
- It is infectious for 7-10 days before the rash develops, so you should let anyone who is immunocompromised or pregnant to seek medical advice if they have had significant contact with your child.
- There is no specific medication we can give your child. The rash will naturally fade over time. We encourage plenty of fluids and rest to avoid dehydration, and you can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to ease any discomfort. If the rash is itchy, you can use moisturiser or speak to your local pharmacist for advice.
- Safety net: Please seek further medical attention if your child becomes breathless, very tired, or confused as this might indicate something more serious. If you have concerns about your child, you should also contact your GP or go to A&E if out of hours.
15
Q
Impetigo
A
- Impetigo is a bacterial infection of the skin surface. It is the most common skin infection seen in young children and can spread through school classes or arise spontaneously.
- Impetigo can rarely cause some serious complications and can make some children really ill, especially if the infection is widespread.
- Maintain good hygiene measures and don’t share towels to prevent spread. We will prescribe you an antibiotic ointment to use for 7-10 days, and potentially an oral antibiotic if necessary, for at least 7 days. Children should stay off school for at least 48 hours after starting antibiotics, or until the crusts are all healed.
- Safety net: if you have any concerns, or your child appears to be very unwell or not improving with this treatment then seek medical attention. You can access online resources from the British Association of Dermatologists on impetigo.
16
Q
measles
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a viral infection called measles. Have you heard of this before?
- Measles is a highly infectious illness that can be very unpleasant and sometimes lead to serious complications. It is uncommon in the UK due to the effectiveness of vaccination. It’s most common in young children.
- Measles can pass in about 7-10 days without further problems, but complications include pneumonia and brain infection (encephalitis).
- Measles is spread by droplets from the nose or mouth. People are infectious until 4d after the rash first appears. Your child should stay off school for these 4d and specifically avoid pregnant women or babies.
- Keep your child hydrated and you can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to reliever distress from fever, aches and pains. Do not give aspirin. Close the curtains to reduce light sensitivity and use damp clean cotton wool to clean the eyes.
- Since 2016, there has been a rise of measles in the UK as the uptake of the MMR vaccine has faller. The UK has lost its ‘measles-free’ status. Your child should get both doses of the MMR vaccine after recovery to help the UK regain its measles-free status and reduce the likelihood of passing on the virus to people who cannot get the vaccine for medical reasons.
- Contacts: anyone your child has been in significant contact with should inform the GP and receive the vaccine.
- Safety net: go to A&E if your child develops severe difficulty breathing, fits, fever above 38C or altered consciousness.
17
Q
mumps
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a viral infection called mumps. Have you heard of this before?
- Measles is a highly infectious illness that can be very unpleasant and sometimes lead to serious complications. It is uncommon in the UK due to the effectiveness of vaccination. It’s most common in young children.
- Mumps can pass in about 1-2w without further problems, but complications include brain infection (meningitis) and swelling of the testicles or ovaries.
- Mumps is spread by droplets from the nose or mouth. People are infectious until 5d after symptoms start, especially gland swelling. Your child should stay off school for these 5d and specifically avoid pregnant women or babies.
- Keep your child hydrated and you can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to reliever distress from fever, aches and pains. Do not give aspirin. Apply a warm or cool compress to the swollen glands to relieve pain
- Since 2016, there has been a rise of mumps in the UK as the uptake of the MMR vaccine has faller. Your child should get both doses of the MMR vaccine after recovery to reduce the likelihood of passing on the virus to people who cannot get the vaccine for medical reasons.
- Contacts: anyone your child has been in significant contact with should inform the GP and receive the vaccine.
- Safety net: go to A&E if your child develops signs or meningitis (severe headache, vomiting, neck stiffness, altered consciousness).
18
Q
rubella
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a viral infection called rubella or German measles. Have you heard of this before?
- Rubella is a highly infectious illness that can be very unpleasant and sometimes lead to serious complications. It is uncommon in the UK due to the effectiveness of vaccination. It’s most common in young children. Rubella can pass in about 1w.
- Rubella spreads in coughs and sneezes. Wash hands often with soap and warm water and throw used tissues after coughing and sneezing and avoid sharing bedding or cutlery. Your child should stay off from school for 5d from the onset of symptoms and should especially avoid pregnant women and babies.
- Keep your child hydrated and you can give paracetamol or ibuprofen to reliever distress from fever, aches and pains. Do not give aspirin.
- Your child should get both doses of the MMR vaccine after recovery to reduce the likelihood of passing on the virus to people who cannot get the vaccine for medical reasons.
- Contacts: anyone your child has been in significant contact with should inform the GP.
- Safety net: go to A&E if your child develops signs or meningitis (severe headache, vomiting, neck stiffness, altered consciousness).
19
Q
Kawasaki disease
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have a disease called Kawasaki. Have you heard of this before?
- Kawasaki disease mainly affects children under 5, the underlying cause is not fully understood. With correct treatment, symptoms become less severe in 6 weeks, though this can take longer in some children. The main complication of Kawasaki is dilation of the vessels supplying blood to the heart- heart complications happen in 25% of children.
- It’s important that we start treatment as soon as possible. We recommend admission to hospital. The two medications used are IVIG (a solution of antibodies) and aspirin. Steroids may be used if there is high risk of heart problems.
- After discharge, you will be given advice about caring for your child at home and an ultrasound of the heart will be done. I’d like to see you after discharge to check the progress of recovery and need for follow-up treatment.
- The Kawasaki Support Group can provide additional information and advice.
- Safety net: aspirin is not usually given to children as it can cause Reye’s syndrome, but it is important to protect the heart vessels. Call 111 if your child experiences symptoms of Reye’s syndrome (persistent vomiting and very low energy).
20
Q
rheumatic fever
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have rheumatic fever. Have you heard of this before?
- Rheumatic fever is a rare complication that can happen after a bacterial throat infection. Most people make a full recovery, but it can come back.
- You’ll need to be admitted and receive some antibiotics for the infection and you might need medicine if you’re having jerky, uncontrollable movements. You will also get painkillers.
- Once you’ve had rheumatic fever once, it makes it more likely to come back so you may need to take antibiotics for up to 10 years to stop it returning. It can cause permanent damage to the heart, so you need regular check-ups.
- I’d like to catch-up with you in 2 weeks after the symptoms should have settled to discuss any necessary ongoing treatment.
21
Q
Endocarditis
A
- Based on your child’s symptoms, we think he might have endocarditis. Have you heard of this before?
- Endocarditis is a rare condition caused by bacteria where the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves becomes infected. It can cause permanent damage so early treatment is important.
- You’ll need to be admitted and given a course of IV antibiotics through a drip. You may be able to go home if your symptoms and temperature improve. You should continue antibiotics for up to 6 weeks and have blood tests to check your body is fighting the infection. Rarely, surgery is needed to drain abscesses.
- Endocarditis can lead to HF so you may need to be seen by a cardiologist. I’d also like to catch-up in 6 weeks to discuss the need for ongoing treatment.
22
Q
Acute otitis media
A
- Ear infections are very common in children and usually the symptoms can last for up to one week.
- Most ear infections clear up without any complications, but we would be worried about persistent hearing problems (‘glue ear’) or if the eardrum bursts. But the risk of serious complications is very small.
- We recommend painkillers for the discomfort and to monitor your child closely. Antibiotics are not advised in most cases because they don’t make much difference to the recovery rate – we can give you a back-up prescription if the infection does not improve within 3 days/give prescription if higher risk of developing complications.
- You can help prevent recurrence by avoiding the use of dummies and flat positional feeding. No follow up is necessary and you can read more about ear infections on patient.info website.
- Safety net: If you think you child is getting worse or becomes suddenly unwell then seek urgent medical attention.
23
Q
Otitis externa
A
- Otitis externa is an inflammation of the ear canal usually caused by infection, although it can sometimes be due to allergy or irritation. Otitis externa usually clears within a week or so.
- Sometimes it can be short lasting, or if it lasts over three months then it is described as ‘chronic otitis media’. In rare circumstances, the infection can spread and cause further complications.
- Usually these infections will clear up by themselves in a week or so. If your child is experiencing a lot of pain, then you can give them paracetamol to manage their pain. If the infection is severe, we can prescribe some oral antibiotics or ear drops to help with treating the infection.
- If the symptoms persist or if this keeps happening, please seek medical advice from your GP as we may need to refer you to some specialists.
- Safety net: If your child is very unwell or you are concerned, then seek urgent medical attention.
24
Q
Epiglottitis
A
- Epiglottitis describes inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis which lies just behind the root of your tongue. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection. Since the introduction of the Hib vaccine, the number of cases in the UK has dropped.
- We are worried about epiglottitis as it can cause life-threatening breathing difficulties if the airway becomes totally blocked.
- Prompt treatment with antibiotics is needed and your child will have to stay in hospital to receive the medication through a drip.
- We recommend completing the recommended immunisation routine to reduce the likelihood of your child developing this again in the future. Do you have any questions that I can help answer now?
25
Q
Scarlet fever
A
- Scarlet fever is a contagious throat infection that mostly affects young children, and usually adults do not get scarlet fever.
- Complications occur very rarely now but serious complications include infection of other parts of the body e.g. ear infections which occur within days and more seriously, kidney or heart infections which can happen weeks or months after the infection seems to have gone. You should be aware so you can monitor your child over the next few months for any of these complications.
- The best antibiotic to treat scarlet fever is penicillin (check penicillin allergy). You will need to make sure your child takes the full 10 days and we advise to keep drinking enough liquids and you can give paracetamol if the fever is distressing for your child. It should start getting better after one week.
- Keep your child off school until at least 24 hours after starting antibiotics.
- Safety net: If your child becomes very unwell, or if their symptoms do not improve within a week then go to A&E. If your child becomes well again after several weeks, this can be a sign of a complication and you should contact your GP.
26
Q
Tonsillitis
A
- Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, usually caused by a viral infection (less often by a bacterial infection).
- The thing we worry about most is if the tonsillitis causes problems with the breathing or swallowing.
- Mild cases often do not need treatment. However, it is important to drink plenty of water and you can give paracetamol for relieving pain. You can also try saltwater gargling or lozenges for comfort. Antibiotics are not always necessary, especially if the cause is viral.
- Safety net: The symptoms should improve after 3 or 4 days, but if they do not improve please contact the GP. If your child develops any breathing or swallowing difficulties, then please seek urgent medical attention.