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Year 4 things I forgot > Paeds > Flashcards

Paeds Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

When would a kid with suspected ITP need a biopsy

A

Atypical features:

Splenomegaly, high or low WCC, lymph nodes

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2
Q

What is Kartageners syndrome and how does it present

A

Primary ciliary dyskinesia

Recurrent RT infections
Sinusitis, otitis media, URTI, bronchitis

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3
Q

3 main complications of chicken pox

A

disseminated haemorrhagic chickenpox
Pneumonia
Encephalitis

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4
Q

First line investigation in ?merkels diverticulum

A

Technetium scan

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5
Q

Where should you check for circulation in newborns

A

Femoral or brachial

Not carotid

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6
Q

Cefotaxime or cefalexin in paed meningitis

A

Cefotaxime!!!

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7
Q

How long does a Caput Succedaneum last and what is the treatment

A

A few days and usually nothing

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8
Q

How long does a Cephalohaematoma last and what is the treatment

A

Potentially a few months, may beed bilirubin bloods

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9
Q

How to work out kids weight from their age

A

(Age +4) x 2

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10
Q

Kid with sickle cell gets P B19, what is the common complication

A

Aplastic crisis

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11
Q

Other than weight/height/ BMI, what 2 investigations do NICE recommended in FTT

A 
Urine dipstick!!
Anti TTG (or Anti EMA)
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12
Q

At what age should you develop hand preference

A

18 months

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13
Q

Which vaccine is strongly associated with febrile seizure

A

MenB

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14
Q

How many days treatment and of what in strep throat

A

Pen V 10 days

Not amoxicillin as risk of EBV -> rash

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15
Q

Birth mark associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome

A

Port wine stain

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16
Q

Disease course of Haemangiomas

A

Get bigger than smaller -> disappear

Can be treated with propananol
If near eyes need referral

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17
Q

What birth weight has the greatest risk of obesity

A

SGA

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18
Q

How many episodes of vomiting do children need for a CT head following injury

A

3 or more with:

LOC, dangerous mech, amnesia, drowsiness

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19
Q

Types of breath holding spells

A

cyanotic breath holding spells -> crying a lot and upset -> stops breathing

pallid breath holding spells (reflex anoxic)

check for iron deficiency anaemia

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20
Q

Most common cause of complete heart block in kids

A

SLE

Associated with anti-ro ABs

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21
Q

acute/subacute progressive mental status change with lymphocytes raised in CNS. Everything else normal. Dx and Mx

A

Autoimmune encephalitis

Methylpred

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22
Q

What is the difference between Kallman syndrome and Klinefleter syndrome

A

Kallman: hypogonadatrophic hypogonadism -> failure to start puberty (anosmia)

Klinefelters: man has additional x. Normal until puberty then female features

(Klinefelters is a longer word so additional letters (xxx)

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23
Q

How long can a child be jaundice before it is considered prolonged

A

14 days full term
21 days pre term

After this point it is no longer physiological

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24
Q

3 main complications of kernicterus

Study These Flashcards
A

Cerebral palsy
Learning disability
Deafness

25
Why does retinopathy of prematurity occur in premature babies
Lack of hypoxia | Retinal vessels grow in response to hypoxia
26
Who gets retinal screening and for how long
babies born before 32 weeks OR under 1.5kg Starts at around 30 weeks if born before 27 or 4-5 weeks old if born after 27 weeks Every 2 weeks until at zone 3 "ora serrata"
27
Treatment for retinopathy of prematurity
Screening every 2 weeks photocoagulation to revere neovascularisation/ VGEF inhibitors (problem is vessels stop growing but if more hypoxia, undergo excessive vascularisation)
28
Difference between fetal and adult hb
Fetal: 2a 2gamma Adult: 2a 2b
29
How does hydroxycarbamide work in sickle cell
Increases production of fetal hb (has a higher affinity for O2)
30
Very common cause of iron deficiency world wide but not in UK
Helminth infection (mebenazole tx)
31
How do PPIs effect iron absorption
Decrease it Stomach acid keeps iron as Fe2+ (soluble) otherwise converted to Fe3+ which is insoluble and hence not absorbable
32
How does iron travel in blood
As Fe3+ bound to transferrin TIBC is the total amount of transferrin
33
What is ferritin
Protein that iron is stored within, inside cells
34
Why is serum iron not measured
Not a useful measurement | Varies throughout day so ferritin is used instead
35
Management of children with ? leukaemia
FBC within 48hrs
36
What cells will likely be seen in a leukaemia blood film
Blast cells
37
What type of reaction causes ITP
Type 2 hypersensitivity
38
Treatments for ITP
Prednisolone IV IGs Blood/ platelet transfusion
39
Inheritance of sickle cell
AR
40
What is the most common cause of aplastic crisis in sickle cell patients
Parovirus b19
41
What organ is notably larger in thalassaemia
Spleen Collects dead/ destroyed RBCs
42
In what condition may a child have a pronounced forehead, molar eminences (cheek bones)?
Thalaessaemia as bone marrow expands
43
How is thalassaemia inherited
AR
44
What is alports syndrome
Kidney disease, hearing loss and haemuria due to mutation in collagen in basement membrane X-linked
45
What key blood test is needed in patients with thalassaemia
Ferritin Risk of iron overload due to breakdown of cells, recurrent transfusions and increased absorption
46
Type of anaemia in thalassaemia
Microcytic
47
SSRI of choice in children and adolescents
Fluoxetine
48
Chance of male-to-male transmission in x linked recessive conditions
0
49
What proteinuria is significant/ A2 disease
Greater than 3mmol
50
What A or G is required for CKD
A2 (<3) OR G3 (<60)
51
Most common complication of Roseola infantum
Febrile seizures (up to 10-15%)
52
What blood tests are in combined screening
HCG (bad if high) | PAPP-A (bad if low)
53
When in the day are growing pains worst
At night, worse after a day of exercise | Never in the morning
54
pink maculopapular, initially on face before spreading to whole body
Rubella
55
Key risk with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Dilated cardiomyopathy
56
Condition linked by exomphalos, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intrinsic duodenal atresia
Malrotation
57
Only POP which can be taken within 12 hours
desogestrel (inhibits ovulation not by increasing mucus thickness like others)
58
What is AFP low in
T21

Year 4 things I forgot (7 decks)

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