Paeds Flashcards

1
Q

Bronchiolitis admission criteria

A

Sats <92% OA
<2/3 feeds or dehydrated
Apnea’s
Increased WOB

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2
Q

Age febrile convulsions

A

6 month to 6 years

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3
Q

GORD in babies

Progression over time

A

Starts between birth and 3 months
Resolves by 6-12months

Occurs 3/4 of 4m olds
5% have it 6x/day

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4
Q

Red flags for atraumatic limp

A
Fever
Severe pain, NWB
Poor response analgesia
Erythema, swelling 
Pain worse at night 
Multiple attendances 
Back pain or neurology
Abnormal bloods
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5
Q

Feeding volume babies

A

100-150ml/kg/day

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6
Q

Bronchiolitis worst on day

A

Days 3-4 (peak illness)

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7
Q

West syndrome

Infantile spasms

A
Flex at waist, legs extend, arms over head 
Often cry before or after
Often come in cluster 
Often before or after sleep 
Admit!
Tx to prevent developmental delay
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8
Q

Acute limp ddx

A
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9
Q

Amber traffic lights signs (sepsis)

A

Pallor
Not responding to cues
No smile
Wakes on prolonged stimulus
Decreased activity
Nasal flaring
Tachypnea
Sats under 95
Crackles on chest
Tachycardia
CRT prolonged
Dry mucus membranes
Poor feeding reduced urine OP
3-6months and T over 39
Fever over 5 days
Rigors
Seeing of limb or joint
Non weight bearing on extremity

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10
Q

Red flags sepsis

A

Pale, mottled, ashen, blue
No response to social cues
Appears ill
Does not wake or stay awake
Weak, high pitched cry
Continuous cry
Reduced skin turgor
Under 3 months and T 38
Non blanching rash
Bulging fontanelle
Focal seizures
Focal neuro seizures

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11
Q

Kawasaki Dx

A

Crash and Burn
Fever for more than 5 days and at least 4 of the following:
- conjunctivitis (bilat)
- rash (polymorphous)
- adenopathy (cervical)
- strawberry tongue
- hands and feet (oedema, erythema, desquamation)

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12
Q

Pulled elbow explanation

A

Slipped out of ligament in elbow
Partial dislocation
Very simple to replace
No complications
Can happen again
Will grow out of it by the time they are 6
Common with a simple fix
Home within 20 mins

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13
Q

T1 diabetes explanation

A

Diabetes is when your body is unable to control your blood sugar levels
In this case it is because you do not produce enough insulin (hormone to use sugar in body)
Autoimmune response where your body has attacked your insulin producing cells.
We will need to replace your insulin levels daily for the rest of your life.
Manageable but risky and burdensome condition.

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14
Q

DKA explanation

A

You have a severe lack of insulin for a prolonged period of time
Your body is unable to use the sugar that is available and instead burns fat
This releases ketones as waste products
This makes your blood more acidic and can be fatal if you are not treated in hospital
Need fluids and insulin

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15
Q

BRUE definition

A

Under 1 year old
Under 1 minute duration
Return to baseline state
Not explained by medical condition
Can Include:
- cyanosis or pallor
- absent, decreased or irregular breathing
- change in tone
- altered consciousness

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16
Q

Low risk BRUE

A

Over 60 days old
Born over 32 weeks and corrected age over 45 weeks
No CPR
Under 1 min duration
First event

17
Q

Management low risk BRUE

A

No association with SIDS
- sudden infant death syndrome
Unlikely to recur
Can be discharged home after period of monitoring in ED
Advice; eliminate exposure to tobacco, never shake baby to resistor them, GP follow up in 48h, back to sleep (lullaby trust)

18
Q

SIDS define

A

Sudden infant death syndrome
Unexplained death under 1 year old

19
Q

RF for SIDS

A

Babies sleeping on stomach
Overheating in sleep
Too soft sleeping surface, blankets, toys
Exposure to smokers
Mothers under 20
Premature or low birth weight
Sibling who died of SIDS

20
Q

Febrile seizure explanation

A

Something we see in children up to 6 yo
Can have a fit or seizure when they have a temperature
Unlikely to result in any harm or long term consequences
May have another febrile seizure in the future
Will grow out of it
Not epilepsy
Very small increased risk of epilepsy

21
Q

Age for transient synovitis

A

3-10yo
If younger than 3 think of something else? Septic