Paedodontic Dental Anomalies Flashcards
what kind of dental anomalies can you get
number
size and shape
structure
eruption and exfoliation
what is the most comm missing tooth
mandibular premolars
what teeth are least likely to be missing
6s and upper 1s
what conditions are associated with hypodontia
ectodermal dysplasia
down syndrome
cleft syndrome
Hurler’s syndrome
incontinentia pigmenti
what problem can occur with hypodontia
over-eruption of lower canines can be a restorative problem when upper laterals are missing
what is the dental management of hypodontia
diagnosis when child
removeable prosthesis
orthodontics
composite build ups
veneers
crowns, bridges, implants
ALWAYS PREVENTION
what problems can occur with managing hypodontia
abnormal shape and form
spacing
submergence
deep overbite
reduced LFH
what are the types of supernumerary
conical
tuberculate
supplemental
odontome
what is the most common cause of delayed eruption of permanent incisors
supernumeraries
what issues can we have with size and shape of teeth
microdont
macrodontia
double teeth
odontomes
taurodontism
dilaceration
accessory cusps
what is dens in dente
tooth within a tooth
invaginations on a tooth which have their own pulp system
how do you deal with dens in dente
seal all of the areas to stop bacterial ingress
what root anomalies of structure can occur
short root
dentine dysplasias
accessory roots
what are the enamel structural anomalies
amelogenesis imperfecta
environmental enamel hypoplasia
localised enamel hypoplasia
what are the 4 types of amelogenesis imperfecta
hypoplastic
hypocalcified
hypomaturational
mixed
what has gone wrong if someone has MIH
correct thickness (secretory phasse fine) but not mineralised enough (mineralisation phase had issue)
what can cause localised hard tissue defects
trauma to primaries
caries then abscess of primary incisors
what generalised issues cause hard tissue defects
fluorosis
MIH
how do you treat fluorosis
microabrasion/bleaching later on
what areas do you need to investigate for generalised environmental enamel defects
prenatal
neonatal
postnatal
name a hereditary hard tissue defect
amelogenesis imperfecta
how do you make your diagnosis of amelogenesis imperfecta
family history
affecting both dentitions
affecting all teeth
tooth size/structure/colour
radiographs
what gene mutations are present with amelogenesis imperfecta
amelogenin
enamelin
kallikrein 4
what is the hypoplastic amelogensis imperfecta
enamel crystals do not grow to correct length
what is hypomineralised amelogenesis imperfecta
crystallites fail to grow in thickness and width
what is hypomaturational amelogenesis imperfecta
enamel crystals grow incompletely in thickness or width but to normal length with incomplete mineralisation
what are the problems that occur with amelogenesis imperfecta
sensitivity
caries/acid susceptibility
poor aesthetics
poor oral hygiene
delayed eruption
anterior open bite
what are the solutions to the problems which occur with amelogenesis imperfecta
preventive therapy
composite veneers/wash
fissure sealants
metal onlays
stainless steel crowns
orthodontics
why can orthodontics be a problem with amelogenesis imperfecta
there is not good enough enamel to bond to so the brackets can debond
what systemic disorders are associated with amelogenesis imperfecta
epidermolysis bullosa
incontinenti pigmenti
downs syndrome
prader willi
porphyria
tuberous sclerosis
pseudohypoparathyroidism
hurlers
what are the anomalies of dentine structure
dentinogenesis imperfecta
dentine dysplasia
odotnotdysplasia
systemic disturbance
what is dentine dysplasia
normal crown but short roots and pulp obliteration
what is odontodysplasia
localised arrest in tooth development, large pulp chamber, ghost teeth
what are the 3 types of dentinogenesis imperfecta
1 - osteogenesis imperfecta
2 - autosomal dominant
3 - brandywine
what is in the diagnosis for dentinogenesis imperfecta
appearance
family history
associated osteogenesis imperfecta
both dentitions affected
radiography - bulbous crown and obliterated pulps
enamel loss
what does dentinogenesis imperfecta look like
teeth appear amber
what are the problems with dentinogenesis imperfecta
aesthetics
caries/acid
spontaneous abscesses
what are the solutions to the problems of dentinogenesis imperfecta
prevention
composite veneers
overdentures
removable prostheses
SSC
what hereditary dentine defects are limited to dentine only
dentinogenesis imperfecta type 2
dentine dysplasia type 1 and 2
fibrous dysplasia of dentine
what are the dentine defects associated with general disorders
osteogenesis imperfecta
ehlers-danlos syndrome
brachio-skeletal genital syndrome
rickets
hypophosphatasia
what is the treatment overview for structure defects
prevention
pain control
restore lost tissue
harness growth
what is the dental management for structure defects
continuous dental care
management of growth and development
removable prostheses
interceptive orthodontics
crowns and bridges
what are the cementum anomalies
cleidocranial dysplasia
hypohosphatasia
why does premature eruption occur
high birth weight
precocious puberty
natal/neonatal teeth
why does delayed eruption occur
preterm and low birth weight
malnutrition
associated general conditions
gingival hyperplasia/overgrowth
what conditions can cause delayed eruption
downs
hypopthyroidism
cleidocranial dysplasia
what are the causes of premature exfoliation
trauma
pulpotomy
hypophosphatasia
immunological deficiency
chediak higashi syndrome
histiocytosis X
what causes delayed exfoliation
infraocclusion
double primary teeth
hypodontia
ectopic permanent successors
after trauma
