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Paediatric Dentistry BDS4 > Paedodontic Dental Anomalies > Flashcards

Paedodontic Dental Anomalies Flashcards

1
Q

what kind of dental anomalies can you get

A

number
size and shape
structure
eruption and exfoliation

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2
Q

what is the most comm missing tooth

A

mandibular premolars

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3
Q

what teeth are least likely to be missing

A

6s and upper 1s

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4
Q

what conditions are associated with hypodontia

A

ectodermal dysplasia
down syndrome
cleft syndrome
Hurler’s syndrome
incontinentia pigmenti

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5
Q

what problem can occur with hypodontia

A

over-eruption of lower canines can be a restorative problem when upper laterals are missing

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6
Q

what is the dental management of hypodontia

A

diagnosis when child
removeable prosthesis
orthodontics
composite build ups
veneers
crowns, bridges, implants
ALWAYS PREVENTION

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7
Q

what problems can occur with managing hypodontia

A

abnormal shape and form
spacing
submergence
deep overbite
reduced LFH

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8
Q

what are the types of supernumerary

A

conical
tuberculate
supplemental
odontome

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9
Q

what is the most common cause of delayed eruption of permanent incisors

A

supernumeraries

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10
Q

what issues can we have with size and shape of teeth

A

microdont
macrodontia
double teeth
odontomes
taurodontism
dilaceration
accessory cusps

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11
Q

what is dens in dente

A

tooth within a tooth
invaginations on a tooth which have their own pulp system

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12
Q

how do you deal with dens in dente

A

seal all of the areas to stop bacterial ingress

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13
Q

what root anomalies of structure can occur

A

short root
dentine dysplasias
accessory roots

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14
Q

what are the enamel structural anomalies

A

amelogenesis imperfecta
environmental enamel hypoplasia
localised enamel hypoplasia

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15
Q

what are the 4 types of amelogenesis imperfecta

A

hypoplastic
hypocalcified
hypomaturational
mixed

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16
Q

what has gone wrong if someone has MIH

A

correct thickness (secretory phasse fine) but not mineralised enough (mineralisation phase had issue)

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17
Q

what can cause localised hard tissue defects

A

trauma to primaries
caries then abscess of primary incisors

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18
Q

what generalised issues cause hard tissue defects

A

fluorosis
MIH

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19
Q

how do you treat fluorosis

A

microabrasion/bleaching later on

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20
Q

what areas do you need to investigate for generalised environmental enamel defects

A

prenatal
neonatal
postnatal

21
Q

name a hereditary hard tissue defect

A

amelogenesis imperfecta

22
Q

how do you make your diagnosis of amelogenesis imperfecta

A

family history
affecting both dentitions
affecting all teeth
tooth size/structure/colour
radiographs

23
Q

what gene mutations are present with amelogenesis imperfecta

A

amelogenin
enamelin
kallikrein 4

24
Q

what is the hypoplastic amelogensis imperfecta

A

enamel crystals do not grow to correct length

25
Q

what is hypomineralised amelogenesis imperfecta

A

crystallites fail to grow in thickness and width

26
Q

what is hypomaturational amelogenesis imperfecta

A

enamel crystals grow incompletely in thickness or width but to normal length with incomplete mineralisation

27
Q

what are the problems that occur with amelogenesis imperfecta

A

sensitivity
caries/acid susceptibility
poor aesthetics
poor oral hygiene
delayed eruption
anterior open bite

28
Q

what are the solutions to the problems which occur with amelogenesis imperfecta

A

preventive therapy
composite veneers/wash
fissure sealants
metal onlays
stainless steel crowns
orthodontics

29
Q

why can orthodontics be a problem with amelogenesis imperfecta

A

there is not good enough enamel to bond to so the brackets can debond

30
Q

what systemic disorders are associated with amelogenesis imperfecta

A

epidermolysis bullosa
incontinenti pigmenti
downs syndrome
prader willi
porphyria
tuberous sclerosis
pseudohypoparathyroidism
hurlers

31
Q

what are the anomalies of dentine structure

A

dentinogenesis imperfecta
dentine dysplasia
odotnotdysplasia
systemic disturbance

32
Q

what is dentine dysplasia

A

normal crown but short roots and pulp obliteration

33
Q

what is odontodysplasia

A

localised arrest in tooth development, large pulp chamber, ghost teeth

34
Q

what are the 3 types of dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

1 - osteogenesis imperfecta
2 - autosomal dominant
3 - brandywine

35
Q

what is in the diagnosis for dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

appearance
family history
associated osteogenesis imperfecta
both dentitions affected
radiography - bulbous crown and obliterated pulps
enamel loss

36
Q

what does dentinogenesis imperfecta look like

A

teeth appear amber

37
Q

what are the problems with dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

aesthetics
caries/acid
spontaneous abscesses

38
Q

what are the solutions to the problems of dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

prevention
composite veneers
overdentures
removable prostheses
SSC

39
Q

what hereditary dentine defects are limited to dentine only

A

dentinogenesis imperfecta type 2
dentine dysplasia type 1 and 2
fibrous dysplasia of dentine

40
Q

what are the dentine defects associated with general disorders

A

osteogenesis imperfecta
ehlers-danlos syndrome
brachio-skeletal genital syndrome
rickets
hypophosphatasia

41
Q

what is the treatment overview for structure defects

A

prevention
pain control
restore lost tissue
harness growth

42
Q

what is the dental management for structure defects

A

continuous dental care
management of growth and development
removable prostheses
interceptive orthodontics
crowns and bridges

43
Q

what are the cementum anomalies

A

cleidocranial dysplasia
hypohosphatasia

44
Q

why does premature eruption occur

A

high birth weight
precocious puberty
natal/neonatal teeth

45
Q

why does delayed eruption occur

A

preterm and low birth weight
malnutrition
associated general conditions
gingival hyperplasia/overgrowth

46
Q

what conditions can cause delayed eruption

A

downs
hypopthyroidism
cleidocranial dysplasia

47
Q

what are the causes of premature exfoliation

A

trauma
pulpotomy
hypophosphatasia
immunological deficiency
chediak higashi syndrome
histiocytosis X

48
Q

what causes delayed exfoliation

A

infraocclusion
double primary teeth
hypodontia
ectopic permanent successors
after trauma

Paediatric Dentistry BDS4 (3 decks)

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