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Phase 2 > Paediatrics > Flashcards

Paediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

At 6 weeks of age, what Gross motor tasks should a normal child be able to do?

A
  • primitive reflexes -> stepping, moro, grasping, sucking, rooting
  • supine -> some head control on pull to sit
  • Sitting -> needs full support including head
  • Prone -> lifts head intermittently
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2
Q

At 6 weeks of age, what fine motor skills should a normal child be able to do?

A
  • hands usually open
  • grasp reflex
  • fixes and follows side to midline
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3
Q

At 6 weeks of age, what hearing/speech should a normal child be able to do?

A
  • responds to voice

- startles to loud noice

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4
Q

At 6 weeks of age, what social/self help should a normal child be able to do?

A
  • smiles responsibly
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5
Q

What are red flags at 6 weeks?

A
  • asymmetric moro reflex
  • no response to loud noise
  • not starting to smile
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6
Q

4 years gross motor?

A
  • descends stairs 1 foot per step
  • hops on one foot
  • can run to kick a ball
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7
Q

4 year old fine motor?

A
  • copies a cross and a square

- can draw a face

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8
Q

4 year old hearing/speech?

A

knows opposites

  • understands cold, tired, hungry
  • asks why, what questions
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9
Q

4 year old social/ self help ?

A
  • knows family name

- does up front buttons

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10
Q

4 year old red flags?

A
  • no imaginative play

- not toilet trained by day

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11
Q

3 year old gross motor?

A
  • climbs stairs 1 foot per step
  • jumps on the spot
  • pedals tricycle
  • can stand on one leg for 5 s
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12
Q

3 year old fine motor?

A
  • mature pencil grip
  • copies circle
  • uses scissors
  • has hand dominence
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13
Q

3 year old hearing and speech?

A
  • joining 3 words
  • can count to 10
  • knows 3 colours
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14
Q

3 year old social/self help

A
  • dresses except laces and buttons
  • can undo buttons
  • plays co-operatively
  • usually toilet trained -> can still weight at night
  • knows name and gender
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15
Q

3 year old red flags

A
  • not playing interactively with peers
  • not making eye contact
  • speech difficult for family to understand
  • not using 2-3 word sentences
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16
Q

2 year old gross motor?

A
  • runs
  • stands and kicks a ball
  • can throw ball underhand
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17
Q

2 year old fine motor

A
  • turns single pages
  • imitates a vertical line
  • unscrews small bottle lid
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18
Q

2 year old hearing and speech

A
  • many words (50+)
  • joining 2 words
  • identifies pictures (teddy, spoon etc)
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19
Q

2 year old social, self help

A
  • washes and dries hands
  • may be dry by day but large range here
  • parallel play -> play alongside but not with other children
20
Q

2 year old red flags

A
  • not joining words

- not running

21
Q

18 month gross motor?

A
  • climbs stairs two feet at a time
  • walks well
  • able to stoop and get back up
22
Q

18 month fine motor?

A
  • scribbles purposefully
  • hand dominance no longer abnormal -> may start to form preference
  • tow block tower
23
Q

18 month hearing/speech?

A
  • 6+ words with meaning

- identifies 2 parts of body

24
Q

18 month social, self help?

A
  • feeds self with a spoon
  • drinks from a cup
  • imaginative play 15-18 months
25
Q

18 month red flags

A
  • not walking
  • less than 6 words with meaning
  • not feeding self
  • not pointing to indicate wants
  • still casting
26
Q

12 months gross motor?

A
  • stands alone (10-14 motnhs)
  • walks (average 12 months)
  • pivots when sitting
27
Q

12 month fine motor

A
  • mature pincer grip

- container play

28
Q

12 month hearing/speech

A
  • 2-3 single words with meaning
29
Q

12 month social, self help

A
  • points with index finger to indicate wants
  • casts -> throws toys deliberately aside
  • developed stranger awareness
30
Q

12 month red flags

A
  • not standing with support
  • no pincer grip
  • no stranger awareness
31
Q

9 month gross motor?

A
  • sits unsupported -> 6-9months
  • has lateral prop reflex
  • crawls or bottom shuffles -> 7-12 months
  • pull to stand -> 7-12 months
  • stands with support -> 7-12 months
32
Q

9 months fine motor?

A
  • raking grasp
  • lateral pincer grip (picks fluff of floor)
  • pokes at small objects with index finger
  • bangs objects together
  • object permanence (looks for fallen toy or finds partly hidden toy
33
Q

9 months hearing/speech?

A
  • puts sounds together with rhythm and tone in ways that sound like normal speech -> jargon.
  • says mama and dada etc
34
Q

9 months social/self help

A
  • chews solids
  • waves bye-bye
  • start of stranger awareness
35
Q

what are red flags at 9 months?

A
  • not sitting unsupported

- not transferring objects from one hand to the other

36
Q

6mo gross motor

A
  • supine -> anticipates (head off bed) when pulled to sit
  • sitting -> tripod stance, unsteady
  • standing -> bounces when held on feet
  • prone -> lifts head on extended arms, may roll to supine or other way
37
Q

6 mon fine motor

A
  • reaches for objects
  • grasps toys with both hands
  • puts objects to mouth
  • palmer grasps
  • transfers objects from one hand to another
38
Q

6 mo hearing/speech

A
  • turns head to localise soft sounds at ear level
  • babbles -> single sylabbles in strings bababab eg
  • makes different sounds (ah, eh, oh)
  • sing song tones
39
Q

6 mo social, self help

A
  • prefers mother/main carer to others
  • finger feeds
  • holds bottle
  • holds arms out to be picked up
40
Q

red flags 6 mon

A
  • not reaching for objects

- hand preference -> should use hands equally

41
Q

3 mon gross motor

A
  • supine -> no head lag
  • sitting -> head steady with truncal support
  • standing -> supports weight, no stepping reflex
  • prone -> lifts head and chest, supports on forearms
42
Q

3 mo fine motor

A
  • follows through 180 degrees
  • hand regard
  • holds object briefly in hand
43
Q

3 mon hearing/speech

A

coos in vowel sounds

- laughs

44
Q

3 mo social/ self help

A
  • smiles spontaneously

- enjoys handling

45
Q

3 mo red flags

A
  • not fixing and following

- head lag

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