Paediatric Urology Flashcards
1
Q
What are common urology conditions?
A
- Hernias and hydroceles
- Undescended testes
- Childhood UTI
- Peno-scrotal conditions
2
Q
How does the presentation of urological conditions differ from adults?
A
- Systemic
- Fever, vomiting
- Failure to thrive
- Anaemia
- Hypertension
- Renal failure
- Local
- Pain
- Changes in urine
- Abnormal voiding
- Mass
- Visible abnormalities
- Incidental
- Antenatal
- Asymptomatic
- Permits immediate postnatal assessment
3
Q
Inguinal hernia - epidemiology
(sex)
A
4
Q
Inguinal hernia - presentation
A
- Lump in left/right groin that appears and reappears
- Key feature is groin and not scrotum
5
Q
Inguinal hernia - management
A
- <1 year
- Urgent referral
- Repair – no place for observation
- >1 year
- Elective referral and repair
- Incarcerated
- Reduce and repair on same admission
6
Q
Hydrocele - presentation
A
- Lump in scrotum that appears and disappears
- Bluish colour
- Painless
7
Q
Hydrocele - management
A
- Conservative until 5 years old
8
Q
What is cryptorchidism?
A
Undescended testes
9
Q
Cryptochidism - presentation
A
- Scrotum empty at bath time
10
Q
Cryptochidism - management
A
- Maybe orchidectomy
- Indications – fertility, malignancy, trauma, torsion, cosmetic
11
Q
Normal non-retractile foreskin - presentation
A
Young presentation (physiological):
- Non-retractile foreskin
- Recurrent balanitis
- Pinhole meatus
12
Q
Balinitix xerotica obliterans - presentation
A
- Older children
- Non-retractile foreskin
- Struggling to pass urine
- Scarred foreskin, narrow meatus
13
Q
Balinitix xerotica obliterans - management
A
- Steroid cream
- Circumcision
- Removal of foreskin
- Indications – balanitis xerotica obliterans, balanoprosthitis, religious, UTI
14
Q
What are indications for circumcision?
A
- Indications – balanitis xerotica obliterans, balanoprosthitis, religious, UTI
15
Q
Testicular torsion - presentation
A
- Unilateral testicular pain
- Scrotum red, asymmetry, acutely tender to touch
