Paediatric Allergies Flashcards
What is the difference between allergy and food intolerance?
Allergy is IgE mediated Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
Food intolerance is non-IgE mediated
What % of UK are affected by allergic disorder?
20%
What is the increase of anaphylaxis hospital admission in UK from 1992-2012?
615% increase
Explain definition of an allergy
IgE mediated Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction to an allergen causing
1) IgE antibodies binding to Mast cells and Basophils, releasing inflammatory histamines
Define Anaphylaxis
Severe, life-threatening generalized or systemic hypersensitivity
What are the common symptoms of an allergic reaction
Itchy skin, redness, swelling of lips, eyes
What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis
Urticaria, angiodema, pruritis, faint, vomitting, nausea, abdominal cramps, difficulty to breathing
What IgE mediated GI symptoms occur
Vomitting, Nausea, Abdominal Cramps
What IgE mediated Cutaneous symptoms occur
Angiodema, Pruritis, Urticaria, Morbilloform rash
What IgE mediated Respiratory symptoms occur?
Rhino-conjuctivitis, Stridor, whezezing, coughing
What strategies are recommended and not recommended in food intolerance?
Recommended if no IBD or coeliac
- Food elimination + reintroduction
NOT recommended
- Food intolerance testing due to false positives, false negatives, not evidence based
What are the 14 common food allergens
Eggs
Fish
Cow’s Milk
Gluten containing grains
Crustaceans
Lupins
Molluscs
Celery
Mustard
Sulphites
Soya
Peanuts
Tree nuts
Sesame
What is the initital management of IgE and non-IgE cow’s milk protein allergy?
Strict avoidance
What are hidden sources of Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy
Hydrolysed casein, caseinates, skimmed milk, milk solids, whey, non-fat milk
What is the difference between lactose intolerance vs cow’s milk protein allergy
CMPA is reaction to the protein
Intolerance is gut intolerance to lactose sugar
