PAD-PVD

Question 0

What is the antidote for Heparin?

Answer 0

Protamine Sulfate - 1mg per 100 units of heparin or 0.5 per 100 DO NOT EXCEED 100mg in a 2-hr period.

Question 1

What test is used for Heparin?

Answer 1

PTT - 1.5-2 therapeutic range is between those two. For example if control time is 30 then the therapeutic level would be between 45 and 60

Question 2

What should you check before giving heparin?

Answer 2

Bleeding, Renal function

Question 3

Warfarin

Answer 3

Oral anticoagulant  
Administered after heparin for 3 to 6 months 
*thrombus formation 
*Atria Fib 
GIVE 5-10 WITHIN the first 1 to 2 days

Question 4

What type of Test is used for Warfarin?

Answer 4

PT - (prothrombin time) - 1.4 - 1.6 control time
INR 2 to 3 (Pt test divided by Pt normal)
—————-
Pts with mechanical Valves
Or-1.5 -1.7
2.5 - 3.5

Question 5

Antidote for Warfarin?

Answer 5

VITAMIN K. Green leafy vegetables

Question 6

COLLATERAL CIRCULATION

Answer 6

BODY tries to fix the problem , less of a chance to have necrosis tissue.

Question 7

PVD

Answer 7

PUT THE LEGS UP!!!!

Question 8

PAD

Answer 8

INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION
REST PAIN
EXTREME AT NIGHT
EXTREMITIES NEED TO BE BELOW THE HEART

Question 9

What are Diagnostic Findings?

Answer 9

Coldness numbness 
Extremities cool and pale when elevated
Sparse hair growth 
Shiny nails changes opaque and thick ulceration 
Diminished or absent peripheral pulse
Unequal pulse

Question 10

How to treat PAD

Answer 10

Quit smoking.
Weight
Rest
No junk foods 
Manage blood sugar
Minimize clotting avoid tissue 
Manage blood pressure 
Supplements

Question 11

Atherosclerosis

Answer 11

Accumulation of lipid calcium blood components carbohydrates and fibrous tissues.

Question 12

Surgical intervention for atherosclerosis ?

Answer 12

Angioplasty and stents

Walk until feel pain then walk again to increase collateral circulation

Question 13

Buergers Disease

Answer 13

Smoking Causes it
Tobaco usage of any types (Vasoconstriction)
Numbness acute inflammation clotting
Intermittent CLAUDICATION -comes and goes pain with walking

Question 14

Where is Buergers disease found?

Answer 14

Medium small arteries of the foot

Question 15

What are the symptoms of Buergers?

Answer 15

Absence of pedal pulses 
Digital rest pain is constant 
Rubor of the deer 
Radial inlay pulse absent 
Parethesias. 
Redness or cyanosis in depending position 
Ulceration with gangrene

Question 16

Medical management for Burgers?

Answer 16

Improve circulation

Prevent progressing of disease and protect from trauma

Question 17

Raynauds Phenomenon

Answer 17

Loose blood to fingertips
White- no blood
Blue cyanosis- stays that way for a while
Red- blood rushing back

Question 18

How do you treat Reynaulds?

Answer 18

Minimize exposure to cold, layers of clothing, warm vehicles use sweaters AVOID NICOTINE, safety cautious with sharp object

Question 19

Correct Blood return

Answer 19

Low pressure
Muscles working
Propulsion of blood itself
Valves that are supposed to work

Question 20

Ulcer of the cause is Arterial

Answer 20

Increase Blood Flow

Question 21

Venous stasis if the cause is VENOUS

Answer 21

Assist with moving it back up

Question 22

Patho of DVT

Answer 22

Occur in superficial or venous system 
Accompanies thrombophlebitis  
Most common in Lower  extremities 
Upper extremities with IV lines 
Pacemaker leads

Question 23

Symptoms of DVT

Answer 23

Edema
Swelling of the extremity
Warmth
Enlargement of superficial veins

Question 24

Virchows Triad - 2 must be present for clots to form

Answer 24

Venous Stasis
Vessel Wall injury
Altered blood coagulation

Question 25

How to prevent DVT

Answer 25

CPU - SCD

ANTI EMBOLISM Hose

Question 26

Thrombolytic Streptokinase (Can ONLY USE IT 1 TIME!)

Answer 26

Cannot be used after surgery

Use Vena Cava if it doesn’t work