Pack

Question 1

What are some of the physical findings of anemia?

Answer 1

Pallor (pale palms)

koilonychia : spoon shaped nails
Angular stomatitis (Breaking down of tissues of the sides of the lips)

Question 2

What is a physical sign of Iron deficiency?

Answer 2

Kolionychia

Question 3

What is a physical sign of Hemolytic anaemia?

Answer 3

Jaundice (yellow skin)

Question 4

What is a physical sign of Sickle cells?

Answer 4

leg ulcers

Question 5

What is a physical sign of thalasemia?

Answer 5

Bone deformities

Question 6

What are the 1st line investigations

Answer 6

CBC
Reticulocyte count

Question 7

What are the 2nd line investigations

Answer 7

Hb electrophoresis
Serum Fe,
TIBC ,
Ferritin,
B 12 and folate
*Bone marrow examination

Question 8

What is hematocrit?

Answer 8

a measurement of the proportion of blood that is made up of red blood cells.

Question 9

What is the MCV

Answer 9

Mean cell volume (measure cell volume)

The average size of RBC’s

Question 10

What is a normocytic, microcytic, and macrocytic anemia.

Answer 10

normocytic: MCV: normal Hemoglobin: low

microcytic:MCV: low Hemoglobin: low

macrocytic: MCV: high Hemoglobin: low

Question 11

What is MCH

Answer 11

MCH “Mass of cells hemoglobin”

Question 12

What is normochromic and hypochromic?

Answer 12

MCH = Low = hypochromic
MCH = normal = normochromic

Question 13

What is MCHC?

Answer 13

MCHC (measure cell hemoglobin concentration)

a measurement of the amount of hemoglobin a red blood cell has relative to the size of the cell.

Question 14

What is RDW?

Answer 14

The standard deviation of the MCV (differences in size of the rbcs)

Question 15

Give me an example of a condition with high anisocytosis

Answer 15

Iron deficiency anemia

Question 16

What is anisocytosis

Answer 16

High RDW is high anisocytosis

and vice versa

Question 17

What are hemolytic anemia?

Answer 17

RBCs break down before the 120

Question 18

What do all hemolytic anemias share in common?

Answer 18

all have elevated reticulocyte count

bc the bone marrow is trying to compensate the early death of RBCs

Question 19

What does Microcytic, Hypochromic anemia incude?

Answer 19

Microcytic, Hypochromic anemia incudes
1. {{c1::Iron deficiency}}
2. {{c2::Anemia of chronic disease}}
3. {{c3::Thalessemia}}

Question 20

What are some Normocytic Normochromic anaemias

Answer 20

Acute blood loss
Anemia of renal failure

Question 21

Example of Macrocytic anemias?

Answer 21

Megaloblastic anemia
* B12/ Folate deficiency

Question 22

What is hypoprolifertive anemia?

Answer 22

When hemoglobin and reticulocyte is low

Question 23

What is hyperprolifertive anemia?

Answer 23

When hemoglobin is low and reticulocyte count is high

Question 24

What is aplastic anemia?

Answer 24

Anemia where hematopoetic stem cells are destroyed (bc they became like plastic so they are fragile)

Question 25

What is pancytopenia?

Answer 25

Where platelets, rbcs, and wbcs are low. BC they are all on the pan.

Question 26

What are Hyperproliferative anaemias?

Answer 26

hemolytic anaemias (bc it happens after the cell has been formed)

Hereditary causes: thalassemia or sickle cell disease or G6PD deficiency

Acquired causes: immune hemolytic anemia