pa2 Flashcards
What philosophy focuses on targeting police responses to less serious crimes in these areas, addressing the counter-intuitive argument that disorder may elicit more fear than actual crime
Zero-Tolerance Policing
What has Zero-Tolerance Policing been relabeled as
Disorder Policing
What 5 elements did community policing programs focus on
A commitment to crime prevention, Public scrutiny of police, accountability of police actions to the public, customized police service, community organization
Community oriented policing is a proactive approach to crime control with what 3 complimentary elements
Community partnerships, problem solving using Scanning, Analysis, Response and Assessment, and Organizational transformation
What does SARA stand for
Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment
What 4 core principles highlight a police departments model of COMPSTAT
Accurate and timely intelligence and statistical crime information based on geographic settings, Rapid deployment of resources, effective tactics and strategies of enforcement that focus on visible street crime or QOL issues, relentless followup and assessment
Newport news police department developed what approach to policing
Problem Oriented Policing
What type of Policing is an innovative style of community policing policy focused on the departments traditional response to major recurring problems
Problem Oriented Policing
What was the ultimate challenge in problem oriented policing
The integration of the community with the police in developing effective ways of dealing with the problems.
What strategy did Chicago develop
The Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy
What was the Minneapolis COMPSTAT referred to as
CODEFOR - Computer Optimized DEployment Focus On Results
What type of policing is becoming a major player, with more and more departments across the country engaging with police science and research to determine effective strategy
Evidence Based Policing
What type of policing represents the most strongly supported policing practices in the United States aided by the use of geographical information systems, crime analysis, and artificial intelligence
Hot-Spot policing and directed patrols
What type of policing is the use of best available research on the outcomes of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers
Evidence Based Policing
What does the triple T strategy stand for
Targeting, Testing, and Tracking
What part of the triple T strategy involves assessing relative levels of harm and allocating police resources based on measure
Targeting
What part of the triple T strategy involves examining research for evidence of success or failure to determine how a strategy is working
Testing
What part of the triple T strategy is an effort to continually check performance and implementation, through programs that might include Compstat and even review of body worn cameras
Tracking
What type of policing also reinforces the concept of police transparency
Evidence based policing
What was developed by Dr Cynthia Lum and is a visual guide that classifies police interventions based on the nature and type of target, whether its proactive or reactive, and the level of focus within each strategy
Evidence based policing Matrix
What type of policing, reflects the direct application of empirical data, that show that crime is not randomly dispersed but rather concentrated in isolated areas
Hot-Spots policing
What tactics are included in hot-spots policing
Directed patrols, saturation patrols, aggressive traffic enforcement, zero tolerance, and disorder enforcement as well as specific drug buy and bust programs, even problem oriented policing techniques
What is the difference between directed patrol and saturation patrol
Directed patrol usually involves directing of patrol officers to a specific location during their patrol shift, saturation patrol concentrates additional officers on specific locations at specific times.
What type of policing is not a tactic, nor a crime reduction strategy, but rather a business model for policing
Intelligence led policing
What type of policing is an information organizing process that allows police agencies to better understand their crime problems and take measure of the resources available to be able to decide on an enforcement tactic or prevention strategy best designed to control crime.
Intelligence led policing
What type of policing utilizes criminal intelligence analysis as a means to accomplish crime prevention and reduction through best practices and partnerships with other entities
Intelligence led policing
What recommendation did the audit commission give
Police services should focus on the offender rather than reported crime
When do data and information become intelligence
When they are interpreted, evaluated, and used as a means to inform crime prevention and reduction strategies
What type of policing is a proactive approach to crime and disorder that uses information and analytical tools to achieve the goal of crime prevention while requiring fewer resources
Predictive policing
What is the process of identifying patterns and relationships between crime data and other relevant data sources to prioritize and target police activity
Analysis
What is the purpose of crime amalysis
To organize massive quantities of raw information from data bases used in automated record systems and to forecast specific, future events from the statistical manipulation of these data
What type of analysis is a tabular or graphic display of reported crimes with a given pattern of time and or location. It is often used to detect patterns of crime that cluster in specific locations during various time periods
Tactical crime analysis or crime specific analysis
What is the focus of tactical crime analysis on
Recent criminal incidents
What type of analysis is the study of crime and or social problems in a specific area in an effort to determine long term patterns of activity as well as to evaluate police responses and organizational procedures
Strategic crime analysis
What type of analysis is ofter used to determine the effectiveness of police over a given period of time, or the evaluation of specific policing strategies
Strategic crime analysis
What type of analysis is a graphic portrayal of associations and relationships among people, organizations, events, activities, and locations from a given point in time
Link analysis
Which type of analysis is a powerful analytical tool used to reveal the hidden connections among criminals and the structure of clandestine, organized criminal entities often found in street gangs, lacostra nostra families, white collar crime syndicates, large drug trafficking cartels, and terrorist organizations
Link analysis
What type of analysis is invaluable in complex investigations, particularly those that have conspiracy aspect, as is often found in racketeering and continuing criminal enterprise cases and is also used extensively in ILP
Link analysis
What type of analysis is computer reports derived from court ordered long distance telephone billings of suspects in illegal narcotics trafficking
Telephone toll analysis
What type of analysis is charting that depicts key events of criminal activity in chronological order, it is used to show the degree of involvement of subjects. It can be used as a planning tool to focus resources of an investigative effort
Visual Investigative analysis
What type of analysis is computerized case management in which large amounts of data are compiled and indexed for each retrieval of specific items. Its used to clarify relationships and calculate the probability of associations
Case analysis and management system
What type of analysis is the identification of networks of offenders and criminal activity, often associated with organized crime, gangs, drug traffickers, prostitution rings, and terrorist organizations
Intelligence analysis
What are the 2 types of crime mapping
Statistical spacial analysis and spacial modeling
Which type of crime mapping focuses on the spatial relationship between crime points in a particular area
Statistical spatial analysis
Which type of crime mapping is concerned with the technology and application of data
Spatial modeling
What are the unique benefits of the internet
Speed and efficiency combined with global reach
What is the most common use of social media
Investigative purposes
What is the new task for information technologies
Analysis
What is a central criticism of the response by police in Ferguson
It was heavily militarized
What are the 6 pillars of 21st century policing
Building trust and legitimacy, Policy and oversight, Technology and social media, community policing and crime reduction, training and education, Officer wellness and safety
