p8 space physics

Question 1

what is the solar system

Answer 1

part of the milky way galaxy, made up of planets of the sun and anything in its orbit

Question 2

what are planets

Answer 2

objects that orbit a star

Question 3

what is a natural satellites

Answer 3

orbits a planet that is not man made e.g. the moon

Question 4

what is an artificial satellite

Answer 4

satellites that humans have built and they mostly orbit the earth

Question 5

first step of the formation of a star

Answer 5

made from a cloud of dust and gas - a nebula- gravity pulls the dust and gas together, forming a protostar

Question 6

second step of formation of a star

Answer 6

the more dense the star, the hotter it becomes. fusion of the hydrogen nuclei starts, emitting a lot of energy

Question 7

third step of formation of a star

Answer 7

main sequence star, lasting for a few billion years. A stable phase as the force of gravity and fuaion of hydrogen are balanced. ydrogen is fused and forms helium, releasing energy

Question 8

fourth stage of the formation of a star

Answer 8

hydrogen begins to run out, turning the star into a red giant

Question 9

fifth stage of the formation of a star

Answer 9

a red giant will become a white dwarf by getting rid of the outer layers of dust and gas , cooling down and then becoming a black dwarf

Question 10

sixth stage of the formation of a star

Answer 10

red super giants will initially glow brightly, then exploding into a supernova. The supernova will get rid of its outer layer of dust and gas, forming a black hole.

Question 11

what is gravity

Answer 11

a force that causes planets and satellites to circle an object

Question 12

what happens when an object is in orbit

Answer 12

it is constantly changing velocity as the direction constantly changes, though the speed will stay the same

Question 13

what is red shift

Answer 13

when light has shifted towards the red end of the spectrum and is moving away from us