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Physics > P8 Forces In Balance > Flashcards

P8 Forces In Balance Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a vector?

A

A quantity with a given direction and magnitude

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2
Q

What is a scalar?

A

A quantity with a given magnitude but not direction.

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3
Q

What is displacement?

A

A distance without a change in direction

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4
Q

If someone starts a walk from a certain point and finishes at the same point, what is their total displacement?

A

0

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5
Q

Sort ACCELERATION, MASS, SPEED, TIME, FORCE, DISTANCE, ENERGY, POWER and WEIGHT into vector and scalar quantities

A

Vector:
- Acceleration,
- force,
- weight.

Scalar:
- Speed,
- mass,
- time,
- energy,
- distance,
- power.

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6
Q

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

A

Speed has magnitude but no given direction whilst velocity is speed with magnitude and direction.

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7
Q

Vector or scalar:

The body had a mass of 45kg

A

Scalar

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8
Q

Vector or scalar:

The weight of the body is due to gravity so moves downwards

A

Vector

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9
Q

Vector or scalar:

The speed of the car was constant as it circled the roundabout

A

Scalar

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10
Q

Scalar or vector:

The magnetic field lines act from the N Pole to the S Pole

A

Vector

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11
Q

A force can cause an object to:

A
  • Change shape,
  • change its velocity,
  • change its state of rest (start moving).
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12
Q

Sort magnetic, friction, air resistance, thrust, nuclear, electrostatic, tension and gravitational into contact and non-contact forces

A

Contact:
- Air resistance,
- tension,
- friction,
- thrust.

Non-contact:
- Magnetic,
- nuclear,
- electrostatic,
- gravitational.

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13
Q

What is Newton’s third law of motion?

A

When two objects interact with eachother they exert opposite and equal forces on eachother.

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14
Q

3 examples of Newton’s third law:

A
  • When a swimmer pushes their legs off of a wall in the swimming pool,
  • when an object is lying on a table,
  • when someone is standing on a surface.
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15
Q

If two roller stakers pulled a rope in opposite directions, what would happen and why?

A

Their legs would crash into eachother because there would not be enough friction to stop the reaction force.

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16
Q

What is friction?

A

Friction is the force exerted by a surface against an object when it moves across it.

17
Q

Name all the forces on a moving car

A

Friction, gravity, drag, thrust, reaction force.

18
Q

If a car is moving and two opposite and equal forces act on it, what will happen?

A

The car will continue travelling at the same speed

19
Q

Difference between balanced and unbalanced force

A

Balanced force is when two opposite forces are equal and the resultant force is 0 though unbalanced is when one is greater than the other and resultant force is not 0.

20
Q

What is Newton’s first law of motion?

A

If the resultant force on an object is 0, all forces are said to be balanced

21
Q

What is the main thing that stabilises or destabilises an object?

A

Centre of mass

22
Q

How do you find the centre of mass in a regular shaped object?

A

Draw all the lines of symmetry and where they cross is the centre of mass.

23
Q

How do you find the centre of mass in an irregular shaped object?

A

Hang the object from a plumb line and draw a line straight down in the direction of it. Do the same thing at another point. Where the lines intersect is the centre of mass.

24
Q

What is centre of mass?

A

The point in an object where the mass is most evenly distributed from.

25
Q

If the line of action in a vehicle moves outside the base, what will happen?

A

It will topple over

26
Q

What two things can be done to an object to make it more stable?

A

Make the object shorter (lower centre of mass) and wider (line of action will stay more easily within the base)

27
Q

If two forces are acting from a certain point within a 90’ angle, what can be done to find the size and direction of the resultant force?

A
  • Choose a scale for cm:N,
  • draw out the two forces using the scale,
  • calculate the angle between the forces,
  • draw the angle which is co-interior to the one already calculated along the width of the parallelogram,
  • draw a parallel line at the top of the parallelogram,
  • draw an arrow from the first angle to the intersection between the two lines,
  • measure the length of the arrow and convert this into newtons.
28
Q

How do you calculate the resolution of forces?

A
  • Pick a scale for cm:N,
  • draw the force acting down on the object,
  • draw a line parallel to the slope the object is resting on,
  • draw a perpendicular line from the parallel line to force acting on the object,
  • measure the parallel line from both points and convert to newtons.

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