P7 - Radioactivity Flashcards
1
Q
Define nuclear radiation?
A
Nuclear radiation is when the nucleus of an atom emits radiation because it is unstable.
- Too many protons
- Too many neutrons
- It is too large
2
Q
What is an alpha decay?
A
Alpha particles are made of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. They have a charge of +2 and a mass of 4.
3
Q
What is a Beta decay?
A
A beta particle is an electron created and emitted by a nucleus which has too many neutrons compared to protons. A neutron turns into a proton. The mass is affectively 0 and a charge of -1.
4
Q
What is a Gamma Decay?
A
Gamma radiation is emitted by some unstable nuclei after an alpha or beta particle has been emitted. Gamma radiation has no charge.
5
Q
What is ionising radiation?
A
When radiation collides with neutral atoms or molecules, it alters the structure by knocking of electrons leaving behind ions.
