p.672-678 Flashcards
class-consciousness
An individual’s sense of class differentiation
What did the careers of Watt and Harkort illustrate?
Countless production problems, and success and large profit were by no means certain
Harkort
from well-established merchant families with a rich network of contacts and support
Watt, Wedgwood, and Cockerill
were of modest means
luddites
group of handicraft workers who attacked the whole factories in northern England in 1812 and after, smashing the new machines that they believed were putting them out of work
William Blake
called the early factories “satanic mills” and protested against the hard life of the London poor
Malthus and Ricardo concluded this: Also accepted by Friedrich Engels
that workers would earn only enough to stay alive
What did Andrew Ure write in 1835?
in his study of the cotton industry that conditions in most factories were not harsh and were even quite good
Those who thought the conditions of the working people were getting worse were in the _______.
majority
What was at a constant in France between 1792 and 1815? and what happened to workers wages and their standard of living?
Warfare; Decline in wages and standard of living
What were the first factories?
cotton mills, which began functioning in the 1770’s along fast-running rivers and streams and were often located in sparsely populated areas
What was Saturday night?
a time for relaxation and drinking
Who were often beaten for their infractions?
Children and Adolescents
Some poorhouses were…..
industrial prisons, where the inmates had t work to receive their food
What were children doing in the eighteenth century?
Working. Semi-forced child labor seemed necessary and was socially accepted.
