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Physics paper 2 > P6: Waves > Flashcards

P6: Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the wavelength?

A

peak to peak or trough to trough

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2
Q

What is the amplitude?

A

Middle to peak/trough

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3
Q

What is the direction of movement/oscillation for a transverse wave?

A

Up and down

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4
Q

What is the direction of energy transfer for a wave?

A

Sideways

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5
Q

What are the different areas of a longitudinal wave called?

A
  • Area of compression
  • Area of rarefaction
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6
Q

What is the direction of energy for a longitudinal wave?

A

Sideways

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7
Q

What is frequency?

A

The number of waves that pass a point per second

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8
Q

What is the frequency of a short wavelength wave?

A

High

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9
Q

What is the frequency of a long wavelength wave?

A

Low

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10
Q

How do we measure time period(s)?

A

1/frequency(Hz)

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11
Q

What apparatus do we use to measure speed of a wave?

A
  • A ripple tank
  • Thing goes in and out producing waves
  • Measure wavelength using photo
  • Work out frequency
  • FREQUENCY X WAVELENGTH
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12
Q

What equation do we use to work out the speed of a wave(m/s)?

A

Frequency(Hz) x wavelength(m)

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13
Q

What is the angle of reflection equal to?

A

The angle of incidence i=r

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14
Q

What is the normal line?

A

A dashed line drawn at 90 degrees to the mirror

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15
Q

What is produced when a sound wave is reflected?

A

An echo

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16
Q

What type of wave is a sound wave?

A

A longitudinal wave

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17
Q

What does a sound wave do?

A

Vibrate the air particles
Eardrum picks up vibration of air particles and turns into sound that your brain can interpret

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18
Q

What is the range of human hearing?

A

20Hz-20kHz

19
Q

What can echo/ultrasound be used to do?

A

Determine distance
Speed = distance / time
Speed is known, measure time taken and calculate distance
There and back, so time is DOUBLE what it would be

20
Q

What are P waves?

A
  • Primary waves
  • Longitudinal
  • Travel through solids and liquids
21
Q

What are S waves?

A
  • Secondary waves
  • Transverse
  • Only go through solids
22
Q

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum from largest wavelength to shortest wavelength?

A
  • Radiowaves
  • Microwaves
  • Infrared
  • Visible light
  • Ultraviolet
  • X-Ray
  • Gamma Rays
23
Q

What happens to the energy as the wavelength gets shorter?

A

Higher energy

24
Q

What can radiowaves be used for?

A

Radio communications

25
Q

What can microwaves be used for?

A
  • Mobile phones
  • Heating food
26
Q

What can infrared be used for?

A
  • Light on remote control
  • Heating
27
Q

What can visible light be used for?

A
  • Cameras
  • Seeing
28
Q

What can ultraviolet light be used for?

A
  • Detecting fake money
  • Tanning beds
29
Q

What can X-rays be used for?

A

Seeing inside the body e.g. broken bones

30
Q

What can gamma rays be used for?

A
  • Treating cancers
  • Sterilising bacteria
31
Q

When does diffraction happen?

A

When a wave passes through a gap
Will curve around when passes through gap

32
Q

When does refraction happen?

A

When a wave passes through one medium into another e.g. air into glass

33
Q

What happens during refraction?

A

Wave changes direction as the wave changes speed going into another medium
Wave changes speed at different points

34
Q

What are good absorbers?

A
  • Dark surfaces
  • Matt surfaces
35
Q

What are good emitters?

A
  • Dark surfaces
  • Matt surfaces
36
Q

What are good reflectors?

A
  • Shiny surfaces
37
Q

What is a converging lens?

A
  • Corrects long sightedness
  • Real image
  • Magnified
38
Q

What is a diverging lens?

A
  • Corrects short sightedness
  • Virtual image
  • Upright
  • Small
39
Q

How is magnification worked out?

A

Image height / object height

40
Q

What is the wavelength of red light?

A

7x10^-7m

41
Q

What is the wavelength of violet light?

A

4x10^-7m

42
Q

What is the frequency of red light?

A

4x10^14Hz

43
Q

What is the frequency of indigo light?

A

7x10^14Hz

44
Q

What is a black body?

A

An object in space that perfectly absorbs radiation

Physics paper 2 (4 decks)

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