P6 - Molecules And Matter (PAPER 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the formula for density

A

Density (kg/m^2) = mass (kg) / volume (m^2)

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2
Q

How can you tell if an object floats in water by its density

A

Objects with a lower density than water (<1000kg/m^2) float in water

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3
Q

Are particles in different states of matter able to flow

A

Solid - no
Liquid - yes
Gas - yes

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4
Q

Can the volume of different states of matter be changed

A

Solid - fixed
Liquid - fixed
Gas - can be changed

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5
Q

Can the shape of different states of matter be changed

A

Solid - fixed
Liquid - Fits the shape of container
Gas - Fills container

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6
Q

What are the density of different tastes of matter

A

Solid - high
Liquid - Medium
Gas - Low

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7
Q

Why does the mass of a substance stay the same when it changes state

A

Because the number of particles stay the same

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8
Q

What are the melting and boiling points of substance and what are they for water

A

The temperature where the substance melts and boils at

Water melts at 0C, Water boils at 100C

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9
Q

What is the diffference between boiling and evaporating

A

Boiling happens at the boiling point

Evaporating happens below the boiling point

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10
Q

What is needed to melt a solid or boil a liquid

A

Energy

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11
Q

How does increasing the temperature of a substance affect its internal energy

A

It’s internal energy increases

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12
Q

What happens to the particles when a substance is heated

A

They gain more energy and start to vibrate faster, until they vibrate fast enough to break apart the bonds holding them in place

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13
Q

What is latent heat

A

The energy needed for a substance to change its state without changing its temperature

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14
Q

What is the latent heat of fusion

A

The amount of energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance without changing its temperature

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15
Q

What is the formula for the specific latent heat of fusion

A

Specific latent heat of fusion (J/kg) = energy (J) / mass (kg)

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16
Q

Why do gases exert pressure

A

Because of the random impacts of gas molecules on surfaces that are in contact with the gas

17
Q

How is the pressure of a gas in a sealed chamber affected by changing the temperature of the gas

A
  • the molecules move faster so they hit the surfaces more
  • this means that the number of impacts per second is higher
  • this means that the total force of the impacts increase