P6: Molecules and Matter Flashcards
Which state of matter do particles move fastest?
Gas
Which state of matter generally has the highest density?
Solid
Describe the differences in structure between solids and liquids
- Solids: particles have fixed, regular arrangements and they vibrate around points
- Liquids: particles can move past each other and their arrangements are irregular
If the temperature of a gas in a container increased; how and why does the gas pressure increase?
- Heating the gas means that thermal energy is transferred to the kinetic energy stores of the particles which increases their speed.
- This will increase the frequency of the particles’ collisions with the container and the net forces exerted on the container walls
- This increases the pressure
What is the name of the apparatus used to measure the volume of an irregular object?
A Eureka can filled with water. The displaced water is equal to the object’s volume.
What is 1m³ in cm³?
1m³ = 1,000,000cm³
What is sublimation?
The change of state of an object from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid state.
True or False: the internal energy of a substance is equal to the total kinetic energy stores of all particles in the substance?
False: it is the sum of the total kinetic energy and potential energy
What is meant by ‘a change of state is a physical change’?
- The change of state doesn’t produce a new substance
- The substance changes form and can recover its original properties if the change of state is reversed
What is the difference between Specific Latent Heat and Specific Heat Capacity?
- Specific Latent Heat: the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a substance from liquid to vapour without changing the temperature
- Specific Heat Capacity: the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1°C
