P6 - Matter - Models and Explanations Flashcards
what is density?
measure of “compactness” of a substance
what is the mass?
the amount of matter in a substance depends on the density and volume
how is density defined by?
density (kg/mcubed) =
mass kg / volume mcube
describe an experiment to calculate the density of an irregular solid object
- use a mass balance to find the mass of object
- fill a eureka can with water just below the sprout, then immerse the object in the can
- collect the water displaced in a measuring cylinder as it flows; record volume
- then calculate the density of the object using the formula
what is the particle model?
explains the particles (atoms and molecules) that make up matter behave
how do you calculate change in internal energy J?
mass (kg) x specific heat capacity (J/kgC) x change in temperature degress C
what is the formula for energy to cause state change?
energy (J) = Mass (kg) x specific latent heat (J/kg)
what is deformation?
when you apply forces to an object it can be stretched, compressed, or twisted
what is plastically and elastically deformed?
plastic = doesn’t return to original shape after forces removed
elastic = returns to original shape after forces removed
calculation for force exerted by a spring (N)
spring constant (N/m) x extension (m)
what is the particle model
model that states all matter consists of many very small particles that are constantly moving
how do gas particles trapped in a container behave?
move randomly travelling in straight lines until they collide with another particle or a wall at which point they bounce off
what is specific heat capacity?
is the amount of energy required to the raise the temperature of a 1 kg substance by 1 degree
what is specific latent heat?
the energy required to change 1kg of a particular substance from one state to another without change in temperature
