P6 Flashcards

1
Q

Two Primary Sources of Business Information:

A
  • External Information
  • Internal Information
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2
Q

in which documentation is made
available to the public from a third party

A

External Information

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3
Q

consists of data created for the sole use
of the company that produces it, such as personnel files, trade secrets, and minutes of board meetings.

A

Internal Information

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4
Q

VARIETY OF FORMS OF EXTERNAL
INFORMATION:

A
  • PRINT INFORMATION OR PRINT RESOURCES
  • TELEVISION AND RADIO MEDIA
  • ONLINE INFORMATION
  • CD ROM INFORMATION CD-ROM (compact disc read only memory)
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5
Q

Are hard copies of resources, like physical books and newspaper.

A

PRINT INFORMATION OR PRINT RESOURCES

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6
Q

This source of business information is perhaps the least
helpful of the various external sources available to small business owners. Programs
devoted to general investment strategies and the changing fortunes of large companies
can be found, of course, but the broad-based nature of broadcasting makes it difficult, if
not impossible, to launch programs aimed at narrow niche audiences.

A

TELEVISION AND RADIO MEDIA

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7
Q

“Large online systems can help overcome the incredible
fragmentation of published information. Many online vendors offer global search
capabilities, allowing access to the contents of dozens of databases simultaneously, the
equivalent of reading dozens of different reference books at the same time.“

A

ONLINE INFORMATION

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8
Q

is a popular alternative to online services. As the name implies, CD-ROM is not so much an
interactive system; in usage it is close to traditional print.

A

CD-ROM INFORMATION CD-ROM (compact disc read only memory

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9
Q

Is studying the external factors that affect a business. This includes
things like the political landscape, the economic conditions, the technological environment and more. By understanding these factors a company can develop strategies to optimize its performance within
this context.

A

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

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10
Q

Refers to the factors or forces that influence the operations and
growth of organization.

A

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

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11
Q

(2) TYPES OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT:

A
  • INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
  • EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
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12
Q

are factors within a company that
affect growth and profitability. As something the business can
control, it can be changed to produce the desired results Internal
factors that influence the business environment include company culture, organizational structure, physical resources and HR policies and processes.

A

INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

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13
Q

is comprised of forces around the
business that affect growth and profitability. Businesses can’t
control them and therefore can’t change them

A

EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

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14
Q

TWO GROUPS OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT:

A
  • MICRO ENVIRONMENT
  • MACRO ENVIRONMENT
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15
Q

This directly impact your organization’s
daily operations. They are your distributors, competitors, consumers and the general public.

A

MICRO ENVIRONMENT

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16
Q

impact your organizations decisions.
They are political economic, social and technological spheres.

A

MACRO ENVIRONMENT

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17
Q

is effective because it gives businesses the bigger picture of
their environment. It identifies the key environmental elements that
impact business decisions, unlike the SWOT analysis.

A

PESTLE

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18
Q

PESTLE MODEL OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
ANALYSIS:

______ involves factors related to government action. There
are two underlying factors to consider when conducting a business
environment scan of political influences – overall government
stability and the degree to which the government intervenes in the
economy.

A

POLITICAL

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19
Q

PESTLE MODEL OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
ANALYSIS:

_______ impact business growth directly. Include inflation,
foreign exchange, income per capita, GDP and unemployment rates. These affect consumers’ buying power.

A

ECONOMIC

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20
Q

PESTLE MODEL OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
ANALYSIS:

_______ consists of societal values, traditions, attitudes and behaviors. Every country has distinct socio-cultural norms, which influence the production, sale or advertising of goods and services.

A

SOCIAL

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21
Q

PESTLE MODEL OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
ANALYSIS:

_____ entails the use of machines and software to
improve modes of production and product quality. It touches every
part of businesses, and the rate of advancement is astonishing. The
technological factors to consider in this environmental analysis
involve the availability of artificial intelligence, automation, and IT
infrastructure.

A

TECHNOLOGICAL

22
Q

PESTLE MODEL OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
ANALYSIS:

______ refers to national laws, government policy, and industry
regulations that affect how businesses work. Include licensing,
consumer protection laws, employment laws and intellectual
property. It gets tricky for businesses targeting a global audience.
You must comply with the laws of your native country and the countries where you operate.

23
Q

PESTLE MODEL OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT
ANALYSIS:

_____ ecological environment refers to the physical
world, such as climate, water bodies, land masses and animal.
Environmental facts to consider in a business environment analysis
are carbon footprints, the impact of natural disasters,
environmental protection laws, and sustainable/ethical production
practices.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL

24
Q
  • Allows companies to maximize their profit.
  • Helps businesses identify growth opportunities, fast/slow-
    moving stock items, market trends, etc, ultimately helping
    decision-makers see a more concrete picture of the company
    as a whole.
A

PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS

25
Profitability analysis lets you do the following:
a. Analyze sales data to identify the most and least profitable products and services. b. Evaluate performance over time by comparing current data with historical data. c. Compare your company's performance with competitors in the same industry.
26
2 TYPES OF PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS:
- MARGIN RATIOS - RETURN RATIOS
27
2 TYPES OF PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS: ______ To understand your company’s financial status during a specific period, it is imperative to understand your company’s ability to convert sales into profits. That is what margin ratio represents at various degrees of measurement. Some of the examples are gross profit margin, operating profit margin, net profit margin, cash flow margin, EBIT, EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization), NOPAT (Net Operating Profit After Tax), operating expense ratio, and overhead ratio.
MARGIN RATIOS
28
2 TYPES OF PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS: ______ us nothing but the company’s ability to generate returns to its shareholders. Examples include return on assets, return on equity, cash return on assets, return on debt, return on retained earnings, return on revenue, risk-adjusted return, return on invested capital, and return on capital employed
RETURN RATIOS
29
Four Types of Margin Ratios:
- GROSS PROFIT MARGIN - OPERATING PROFIT / EARNINGS BEFORE INTEREST AND TAXES (EBIT) MARGIN - NET PROFIT MARGIN - CASH FLOW MARGIN
30
Four Types of Margin Ratios: ______ This expresses the percentage of revenue that businesses retain as profit. Naturally, companies want a large gross profit margin since it means they manage production costs better.
GROSS PROFIT MARGIN
31
Businesses calculate gross profit margin by:
subtracting costs from revenue to obtain profit. Next, they divide gross profit by revenue. • Gross Profit Margin=Gross Profit/Sales
32
reveals how much profit they retain after paying operational expenses but before paying interest and taxes. indicates the quality of management and operating efficiency of a business. You can also compare your operating profit margin with competitors since similar businesses have similar operating profit margins.
OPERATING PROFIT/EARNINGS BEFORE INTEREST AND TAXES (EBIT) MARGIN
33
You'll calculate your operating profit margin by:
by dividing your earnings before interest and taxes by revenue. • Operating profit margin=Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT)/ Sales
34
reveals the percentage of revenue retained as profit after paying both operating expenses, taxes, and interest. It's the most commonly used profitability ratio since it reveals how much money is left after costs.
NET PROFIT MARGIN
35
Businesses calculate net profit margin by:
dividing net income by revenue. • Net Profit Margin=Net Income/Revenue A higher net profit margin means a business retains a larger percentage of its revenue as profit.
36
expresses what percentage of revenue is liquid. All businesses need cash to pay operating expenses, pay dividends to shareholders, and invest in new assets.
CASH FLOW MARGIN
37
Businesses calculate cash flow margin by:
by dividing the amount of cash they earn by their net revenue. • Cash flow margin=Cash flow / net revenue A high cash flow margin means that businesses have more liquidity. Higher liquidity is beneficial since it means a business can better handle sales disruptions and pay costs.
38
3 TYPES OF RETURN RATIOS:
- RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI) - RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE) - RETURN ON ASSET (ROA)
39
3 TYPES OF RETURN RATIOS: ______ measures the percentage of profit earned from a financial investment. can be broadly used for different types of investments, including in stocks, business assets, and other securities.
RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI)
40
Businesses and investors calculate ROI by:
by dividing the profit gained from an investment by its investment expense. • Return on investment=profit from investment/Investment expense A higher ROI means an investment will yield higher profits relative to the amount invested. But it does not represent the absolute gain from an investment. Suppose in the above example, the business instead invested $2,000 in marketing and gained $800 in profit, giving an ROI of 40%.
41
3 TYPES OF RETURN RATIOS: _____ Informs how much profit a business generates for its shareholders. Investors prioritize this ratio since it tells them what return to expect from an investment.
RETURN ON EQUITY
42
Investors calculate ROE by:
by dividing net income by shareholder equity. • Return on equity= Net Income/Shareholder's equity
43
measures the percentage of return a business produces from existing assets. A company's ____ indicates the efficiency of its internal resource allocation.
RETURN ON ASSET (ROA)
44
Businesses calculate ROA by dividing their cash flow:
by the value of the assets. • Cash Return on Assets=Cash Flow From Operating Activities/ Total Assets What constitutes a good ROA depends on the industry. But generally, an ROA of 5% is considered good, and one above 20% is considered excellent.
45
5 LIMITATIONS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS:
- QUALITY OF UNDERLYING DATA - STANDALONE ANALYSIS - HISTORICAL FIGURES + ASSUMPTIONS = PROJECTIONS - TIMELINESS/RELEVANCE - QUALITATIVE FACTORS
46
The accuracy of the analysis depends on the accuracy and genuineness of the financial statements.
QUALITY OF UNDERLYING DATA
47
Financial statement analysis does not take into account the external factors that may affect the company's performance
- STANDALONE ANALYSIS
48
Financial statement analysis is based on past data and assumptions, which may not be accurate in the future.
HISTORICAL FIGURES + ASSUMPTIONS = PROJECTIONS
49
Financial statements may not be up-to-date or relevant to the current situation
- TIMELINESS/RELEVANCE
50
Financial statement analysis does not take into account qualitative factors such as management quality, employee morale, and brand value.
QUALITATIVE FACTORS