P6 Flashcards

1
Q

Absorption

A

when a wave transfers energy to the energy stores of a material

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2
Q

Alternating current

A

Current that is constantly changing direction

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3
Q

Amplitude

A

The maximum displacement of a point on a wave from its rest position

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4
Q

Angle of incidence

A

The angle the incident ray of a wave makes with the normal at a boundary

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5
Q

Angle of refraction

A

The angle a refracted wave makes with the normal when a wave redrafts a boundary

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6
Q

Atmosphere

A

A relatively thin layer of air that surround the earth

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7
Q

Control variable

A

keep the same

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8
Q

Dependent variable

A

variable you measure

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9
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum (EM)

A

A continuous spectrum of all the possible wavelengths of electromagnetic waves

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10
Q

electron

A

A subatomic particle with a relative charge of -1 and a relative mass of 1/2000

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11
Q

Energy stores

A

A mean by which an object stores energy. There are different types of energy stores.

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12
Q

Frequency

A

The number of waves passing a point each second, measured in hertz (Hz)

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13
Q

Independent variable

A

variable you change

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14
Q

Infrared (IR) radiation

A

A type of electromagnetic wave that is given out by all objects. It can also be absorbed by objects which makes the object hotter

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15
Q

Ionising radiation

A

Radiation that has enough energy to knock electrons off atoms

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16
Q

Longitudinal wave

A

A wave with oscillations parallel to the direction of energy transfer, e.g. sound waves

17
Q

Magnetic field

A

Region where magnetic materials and current carrying forces experience a force

18
Q

Microwaves

A

A type of electromagnetic wave that can be used for cooking and satellite communications

19
Q

Period of a wave

A

Time taken for one full cycle of a wave to be completed

20
Q

Radiation dose

A

A measure of the risk of harm to your body due to exposure of radiation

21
Q

Radio wave

A

A type of electromagnetic wave mainly used for radio and TV signals

22
Q

Radiotherapy

A

A treatment of cancer that uses ionising radiation as gamma rays to kill cancer cells

23
Q

Ray

A

A straight line showing the direction of energy transfer of a wave, indicating the path along which the wave moves

24
Q

Ray diagram

A

A diagram that shows the path of light rays

25
Reflection
When a wave bounces back as it meets a boundary between 2 materials
26
Refraction
The change in direction of a wave due to the change in velocity when moving from one medium to another
27
Transmission
When a wave passes through a boundary from one material into another and continues travelling
28
Transverse wave
A wave with oscillations perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer, e.g. electromagnetic waves
29
ultra violet radiation
A type of electromagnetic wave, the main source of which is sunlight
30
Visible light
The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that we can see with our eyes
31
Wave
An oscillation what transfers energy without transferring any matter
32
Wavelength
The length of a full cycle of a wave
33
X-ray
A high frequency, short wavelength. Electromagnetic wave. Used in medical treatment
34
Rarefaction
A region of low pressure in a longitudinal wave due to particles being spread further apart
35
Medium
something to go through
36
Vacuum
No particles