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physics > P5 MAINS ELECTRICITY > Flashcards

P5 MAINS ELECTRICITY Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the components in plug.

A

-fuse
-live wire
-neutral wire
-earth wire
-cable grip

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2
Q

Why are cables covered in plastic?

A

to act as an insulator, so current is not transmitted elsewhere

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3
Q

What colour is the live wire?

A

brown

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4
Q

What colour is the earth wire?

A

green and yellow stripes

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5
Q

What colour is the neutral wire?

A

blue

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6
Q

What is the function of the live wire?

A

this is what carries the alternating current from the supply (230V)

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7
Q

What is the function of the earth wire?

A

this is the safety wire to stop the appliance becoming live (0V)

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8
Q

What is the function of the neutral wire?

A

this is what completes the circuit, its at earths potential, should be around 0V

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the step up transformer?

A

used to transfer electricity through the national grid, and they increase the alternating current to around 25kV - 132kV

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10
Q

What is the purpose of a step down transformer?

A

used to supply electricity to consumers, 230V is supplied to homes

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11
Q

What is the live wire connected to?

A

live pin

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12
Q

What is the earth wire connected to?

A

earth pin

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13
Q

What is the neutral wire connected to?

A

neutral pin

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14
Q

What are pins made of, and why?

A

pins are made of brass, because they are a good conductor and do not oxidise like copper

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15
Q

What is the equation that links power, energy transferred and time?

A

power = energy transferred/time

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16
Q

What is the equation that links power, potential difference and current?

A

power = current x potential difference

17
Q

What type of fuses do domestic appliances use?

A

3A, 5A and 13A

18
Q

What is the equation that links power, current and resistance?

A

power = (current x current) x resistance

19
Q

What is the equation for efficiency?

A

efficiency = (output power/input power) x100

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