P4P

Question 1

Mannion and Davies 2008.

Answer 1

NHS P4P - excluding patients from performance measures to achieve targets set.

Question 2

Kristensen et al. 2014

Answer 2

P4P focuses on short term outcomes rather than long term goals like preventative care.

Question 3

Emmert et al. 2011

Answer 3

Unclear evidence regarding impact on efficiency with P4P.

Question 4

Wadhera et al. 2018

Answer 4

HRRP P4P - HF and pneumonia 30 day mortality increased but not AMI.

Question 5

Khera and Krumholz 2018.

Answer 5

HRRP P4P - HF, pneumonia and AMI 30 day mortality decreased.

Question 6

Kyeremanteng et al. 2019

Answer 6

28 day mortality measures in tertiary care - end of life care not given to patients until after this period passed to ensure hospitals met target.

Question 7

Hsuan et al. 2020

Answer 7

HRRP - increased ED and observational stay visits after implementation of policy.

Question 8

Kahn et al. 2010

Answer 8

P4P skews focus away from conditions not tied to performance measures.

Question 9

Ejinekaar et al. 2013

Answer 9

Unclear evidence of cost containment with P4P.

Question 10

OECD 2016

Answer 10

No clear evidence of cost savings when P4P used in conjunction with add on payments rewarding for quality.