P4 - Electric Circuits Flashcards

1
Q

What type of materials can become charged by friction? Why?

A

Insulators can become charged (with static electricity) as electrons cannot move through them.

E.g Cloth, Polythene rod

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2
Q

What is Static Electricity? How do insulators become charged?

A

Static electricity is the transfer of electrons from one insulating material to another.

This occurs when 2 insulators are rubbed against one another.

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3
Q

What happens in terms of electrons when a material becomes positively charged?

A

It LOSES electrons.

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4
Q

What happens in terms of electrons when a material becomes negatively charged?

A

It GAINS electrons.

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5
Q

What are the 3 rules for Static Electricity?

A

1) Like charges repel (– or ++)
2) Unlike charges attract (-+ or +-)
3) Only electrons transfer from material to material - NOT PROTONS OR NEUTRONS.

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6
Q

Why do magnets move (repel or attract) based on the charge?

A

Two charged objects exert a non-contact force on each other.

This force is either repulsion or attraction.

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7
Q

What is the charge of an insulating material determined by?

A

The charge depends on the material itself.

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8
Q

Why do someone’s hairs stand up when they touch a ‘van der graaf’ generator?

A

The dome is positively charged (+).

This means that the person touching it becomes positively charged.

Their hairs then stand up because each positively charged hair repels the other hairs.

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9
Q

When a question asks about the motion of a magnet, what 4 things do you comment on?

A

Whether the object is:

  • stationary
  • moving at a constant speed
  • accelerating
  • deccelerating
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