P3: Particle Model of Matter Flashcards
Name the 3 states of matter:
Solid LiquidGas
What 4 differences between the states of matter does the particle model explain?
1) particles of a certain material are always the same no matter what state.
2) particles have different amounts of energy in different states.
3) forces between particles are different in each state.
4) particles are arranged differently in different states.
Give 3 facts about SOLIDS:
1) particles are held close together by strong forces in a regular fixed pattern.2) the particles don’t have much energy.3) can only vibrate around a fixed position.
Give 3 facts about LIQUIDS:
1) the particles are held closed together in an irregular pattern.2) particles have more energy than the particles in a solid.3) they can move past eachother in random directions at low speeds.
Give 3 facts about GASES:
1) the particles aren’t held close together. NO FORCES.2) particles have more energy than in liquids and solids.3) particles constantly move around in random directions at a range of speeds.
Do gas particles bump into eachother and the sides of the container they’re in?
Yes.
When gas particles hit something what happens?
They apply force to it.
What is pressure?
The force applied over a given area.
What happens when you increase the temperature of a Gas?
You increase its pressure.
The temprature of a gas depends on :
The average energy in the kinetic energy stores of the gas particles.
The hotter the gas, the higher the….
Average energy.
If particles have more energy in their kinetic stories they…….
Move faster.
The hotter the gas the faster the particles…….
Move on average.
Faster particles hit the sides of the container more often. What does this so?
It increases the force on the container.
Increasing the temperature of a gas increases……..any exceptions?
It’s pressure. ONLY IF the space the gas takes up (volume) doesn’t change.
What is Density?
A measure of how much mass there is in a certain space.
Equation to work out density:Units?
P = MASS DIVIDED BY VOLUME(P = density kg/m cubed)Mass - kgVolume - m cubed
The density of an object depends on……….
What it’s made of and how it’s particles are arranged.
What are the particles in a dense material like?
Particles are packed tightly together.
What’s denser?SOLIDS or LIQUIDS?
Solids.
What’s Denser?LIQUIDS or GASES?
Liquids
4 steps to find the density of a regular shaped object:
1) use a balance to measure the mass.2) measure it’s length width and height with a ruler.3)calculate the volume.4) find density.
7 steps to finding the density of a irregularly shaped object:
1) use a balance to measure mass.2) fill a eureka can with water.3) place a measuring cylinder under the spout.4) put object in water.5) the volume of water that the spout has it equal to the volume of object.7) find density.