P3. Page 51 - 56

Question 1

What is the most helpful skill for a patient to have to succeed in long-term lifestyle change ?

BR 54

Answer 1

Self-monitoring is the most helpful skill for LTM lifestyle change

BR 54

Question 2

What are S.M.A.R.T. goals ?

BR 47, 54 & here

Answer 2

S - Specific

M - Measurable

A - Attainable

R - Relevant

T - Timely

BR 47, 54 & here

Question 3

In the context of helping a patient with obesity, what is ‘stimulus control’ ?

BR 54

Answer 3

Stimulus control is the power to have improved control over choices, especially in relation to food, despite environmental factors.

BR 54.

Question 4

What is self-confidence (in the context of health behaviour change) ?

How can it be increased ?

BR 52

Answer 4

Self-confidence is the trust that a person has in his own reasoning, capabilities, and qualilties.

• it can be increased by eliciting positive Emotions, leveraging one’s Strengths, developing a Strong support system, appropriate Education at each step of the journey and improving Self-Efficacy.

BR 52

Mnemonic: SElf-confidence

Question 5

What is self-efficacy ?

What is it influenced by ?

BR 52

Answer 5

Self-efficacy is the level of a person’s confidence to successfully perform a behaviour.

Confidence is influenced by one’s own behaviour capability and environmental facilitators or inhibitors.

Self-efficacy is at the core of successful health behaviour change.

Question 6

In the context of an obese patient, list topics (besides diet) to address in behavioural counselling to help the patient understand how weight is influenced by lifestyle choices.

What is the best timing re weight gain in a smoker who wants to quit ?

BR 55

Answer 6

Sleep - shorter sleep duration assoc w weight gain

Stress managment:

• weight gain assoc w higher stress levels
• stress managment program may increase weight loss
• stress eating - foods may be eaten to reduce anxiety

Smoking cessation

• see increased risk of weight gain during this (usu < 10 lbs)
• Usually best to start a weight managment program AFTER the quit attempt is completed.

Mnemonic: Three ‘S’s’ - Stress, Sleep, Smoking

Question 7

Name & give examples of 4 levels at which the psychosocial needs of overweight or obese individuals need to be addressed.

BR 55

Answer 7

I) Macro/public policy

• $ for health initiatives
• Public policy - recent soda tax

II) Community/insititution

• bike & walking trails
• access to healthy food

III) Interpersonal - support from family, friends, & community

IV) Intrapersonal

• reframing negative thoughts
• Healthy coping strategies

BR 55