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Science Year 11 > P3 > Flashcards

P3 Flashcards

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1
Q

-What are the three units of measurement for speed?

A

m/s, km/h, mph

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2
Q

What is the definition of ‘speed’?

A

A measure of how fast an object is moving

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3
Q

What does ‘m/s’ stand for?

A

Metres per second

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4
Q

What does ‘km/h’ stand for?

A

Kilometres per hour

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5
Q

What two measurements are needed to work out the speed of a moving object?

A

The distance it travels, and the time taken to travel that distance

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6
Q

What does ‘mph’ stand for?

A

miles per hour

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7
Q

What diagram is used to calculate speed, distance and time?

A
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8
Q

When the speed changes over a given distance, what is the formula used to calculate the distance?

A

Distance = average speed x time

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9
Q

How do speed cameras work?

A

They take two pictures of a vehicle a certain amount of time apart. The vehicle’s position in relation to the distance markings on the road in the two pictures can be used to calculate its speed.

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10
Q

What is the equation to calculate the speed of a car using information from a speed camera?

A

speed of car= distance travelled between pictures/time taken between first and second picture

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11
Q

On a distance-time graph, what is the relationship between the gradient (slope) and the speed?

A

The steeper the gradient, the greater the speed.

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12
Q

How can you work out the speed of an object from a distance-time graph?

A

Take any two points on a distance-time graph and read off the distance travelled for that part of the journey, and the time taken to get there. The formula is

speed= end distance-start distance/time taken

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13
Q

What is the acceleration/deceleration of an object?

A

The change in speed per second

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14
Q

What is the only unit for acceleration?

A

m/s²

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15
Q

Which two measurements are needed to calculate the acceleration/deceleration of an object?

A

The change in speed, and the time taken for the change in speed.

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16
Q

What formula is used to calculate acceleration (or deceleration)?

A

Acceleration (m/s²)=

change in speed (m/s)/time taken for change (s)

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17
Q

What does the slope of a speed-time graph represent?

A

The acceleration of the object.

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18
Q

On a speed-time, what does an object moving at a constant speed show?

A

That it isn’t accelerating.

19
Q

What does the value of the area underneath the line in a speed-time graph show?

A

The total distance travelled.

20
Q

How do you work out the acceleration of an object using a speed-time graph?

A

Take any two points, and read off the change in speed over the chosen peripd, and the time taken for the change.

The formula is:

Acceleration= end speed-start speed/time taken

21
Q

How can the total distance travelled be calculated using a speed-time graph?

A

By working out the area under the speed-time graph.

22
Q

When lifting an object, what is the definition of the force applied?

A

The weight of the oject, measured in newtons

23
Q

What is the unit of measurement for both energy and work done?

A

Joules

24
Q

What is the equation for calculating work done?

A

work done (J) = Force Applied (N) x Distance moved in direction of force (m)

25
Q

What are the two measurements needed to calculate word done?

A

Force applied, and distance moved in direction of force.

26
Q

What is the definition of power?

A

A measure of how quickly work is done.

27
Q

What is power measured in?

A

Watts (W)

28
Q

Why is a car having high fuel consumption bad?

A

Expensive for the driver, and damaging to the environment.

29
Q

What is the equation to work out power?

A

Power (W)= Work done (J)/Time (s)

or

Power (W)= Force (N) x Velocity (m/s)

30
Q

How many metres is in 1km?

A

1000

31
Q

How many metres is 1cm?

A

0.01

32
Q

How many seconds are in an hour?

A

3600

33
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy an object has because of its movement.

34
Q

What two measurements are needed to work out the kinetic energy of an object?

A

Its mass and its speed

35
Q

What is the relationship between a car’s kinetic energy and its braking distance?

A

The greater a car’s kinetic energy, the greater its braking distance

36
Q

What is the equation to calculate kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy (J)= 1/2 x mass (kg) x speed² (m/s²)

37
Q

Give three examples of frictional forces.

A

Friction, drag and air resistance

38
Q

How does the shape of a badminton shuttlecock influence its top speed?

A

It increases air resistance so it travels slowly

39
Q

How does the shape of a parachute influence its top speed?

A

They have a larger surface area, which increases air resistance

40
Q

What can greater drag lead to on vehicles?

A

Energy loss, inefficiency and greater fuel consumption

41
Q

How can frictional forces be reduced?

A

By changing the shape of the object, or using a lubricant

42
Q

Why does a lubricant help reduce frictional forces on an object?

A

Because it makes the object slide through the air with less resistance

43
Q
A

Science Year 11 (7 decks)

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