P3 Flashcards
What is internal energy ?
The internal energy of a system is the total energy that its particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores .
What happens as a substance melts ?
When a substance melts,particles are moved apart against their electrostatic attraction .Their movement slows and prevents the temperature of the substance from rising until the change of state is complete.
What happens when a substance freezes .
The attractive force accelerates particles as they move closer together and the particles increased movement prevents the temperature of the substance from falling until the change of state is complete
What happens when a substance vaporises?
Particles are moved apart against their electrostatic attraction , that holds them together .Their movement slows and prevents the temperature of the substance from rising until the change of state is completes .
What happens when a substance condenses ?
Particles are pulled together by their electrostatic attractions.The attractive force accelerates the particles as they move closer together and the particles increased movement prevents the temperature of the substance from falling until the change of state is complete
What is latent heat?
The energy needed for substance to change state
What happens when a change of state occurs ?
The energy supplied changes the internal energy but not the temperature.
What is the specific latent heat of fusion ?
The energy transferred from 1kg of a substance changing from liquid to solid at a constant pressure.
What is the equation for thermal energy transferred for a change of state ?
Q=ml
What is the specific heat of vaporisation.
The energy transferred from 1kg of a substance changing from liquid to gas at constant pressure
How many pascals is atmospheric pressure ?
1.01 x10 to the power of five
What is the equation for pressure ?
Pressure=force divided by area
What is the equation for momentum ?
Momentum=mass x velocity
What did Boyles law state?
As the kinetic energy of the molecules increases,the temperature of the gas increases
What is the equation that links pressure,constant and volume
Pressure x volume =constant
P1V1 =P2V2
How do you convert from degrees Celsius to kelvin’s
Degrees c +273
I what is the pressure law equation?
P after divided by T after =P before divided b T before
In pressure law,what must temperature be in .
Kelvins
What is density ?
The mass of each unit of volume of a material
What is the equation for density ?
Density = mass / volume
What is density measured in ?
Kg/m3 or g/cm 3
What are the similarities and differences between the kinetic theory and particle model of matter ?
The particle model of matter is used to explain the behaviour of matter based on the idea that it is all made up of tiny particles .It also helps to explain various properties of matter such as density.On the other hand, the kinetic theory of matter is a specific theory within the particle model framework which explains the behaviour of matter in terms of the movement of particles.It says that particles are in constant motion and the temperature of a substance is related to the average kinetic energy if its particles .
