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Physics > P2.4 Household Electricity > Flashcards

P2.4 Household Electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

What’s a.c.?

A

An alternating current

Constantly changes direction

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2
Q

What frequency and voltage does mains electricity give?

A

50hertz

230Volts

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3
Q

How are electrical appliances connected to mains?

A

Cable and a three pin plug

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4
Q

What are the blue wires for?

A

Neutral

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5
Q

What are the brown wires for?

A

Live

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6
Q

What are the green and yellow wires for?

A

Earth

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7
Q

What’s the case of the plug made of and why?

A

Tough plastic or rubber

Electrical insulators

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8
Q

What are the 3 pins made of and why?

A

Brass

Good conductor of electricity

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9
Q

Where is the fuse?

A

Between the live terminal and live pin

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10
Q

What does the fuse do?

A

Breaks the circuit if the current is to high

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11
Q

Where does each wire go?

A

Blue left
Brown right
Striped too

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12
Q

What type of current do batteries supply?

A

Direct current

D.C.

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13
Q

Time taken for an a.c. supply to do a full cycle is called?

A

A period

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14
Q

What’s the largest fuse a 3 pin plug will have?

A

13A

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15
Q

How does a fuse work?

A

Inside it is a thin wire
If the current is too high
Wire melts
Breaking the circuit

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16
Q

How do you know which fuse to use?

A

The one just above your current

17
Q

How does a circuit breaker work? (RCCB)

A

Compares the current flowing in the live wire and out the neutral
If they aren’t the same it breaks the circuit

Fast and can be easily re set

18
Q

What’s earthing?

A

If there is a loose wire (with a metal case) and someone touches it they will get an electric shock but the earth wire provides a safe route to earth for the electrical current to go in the event of an electrical fault

19
Q

The fuse rating and cable thickness must match the?

A

Power of the appliance

20
Q

How do you find current?

A

Power / voltage

21
Q

How do you select the correct cable thickness?

A

Big enough for the current

Up to 20A needs 2.5mm2 cable

22
Q

What happens to a resistor when a current goes through it?

A

Heats up

23
Q

What’s power?

A

The rate at which energy is transferred by an appliance

24
Q

Give 2 equations for power?

A

Power= energy/time

Power=current x voltage

25
Q

Give 2 equations for energy?

A 
Energy = charge x voltage 
Energy = time x power

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